tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-75937195134331517322024-03-13T02:49:54.916-07:00Change Lives Together!{Teach and learn holistically}
Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.comBlogger44125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-87477620424724878862020-11-04T17:00:00.023-08:002020-11-04T17:00:02.830-08:00The Market is Flooded! How can I compete? - Dress for Success Series : Part 1, Market Size<p style="text-align: left;"></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF-K9P4ALi_Tx9lT1a_sEmR1kA5KsPFIAYo_hIDEiux2gen2RV_Vu1_UqTVhSTUYmmicueWtTx-CkZPn0VWiF9tHwcl_TRbwjpQv2jYI_A0IDLwhWerNTeaCCwRqM31lKzbYPFwQgKNCu2/s763/Dress+for+success.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="509" data-original-width="763" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF-K9P4ALi_Tx9lT1a_sEmR1kA5KsPFIAYo_hIDEiux2gen2RV_Vu1_UqTVhSTUYmmicueWtTx-CkZPn0VWiF9tHwcl_TRbwjpQv2jYI_A0IDLwhWerNTeaCCwRqM31lKzbYPFwQgKNCu2/w400-h268/Dress+for+success.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">A teacher, when they know their craft, is something extraordinary. To be able to sit down with another human being and tease the right amount of attention out of that person to focus on the very tasks and discussions that will help them grow is nothing short of miraculous. Everybody teaches! Parents teach their children, the media teaches the population and friends teach friends. But not everybody is good at teaching. Parents for example are very haphazard in the effectiveness of their lessons. They may find that their children are learning perfectly well from them, but not what they are told, rather what they are shown. Children learn much more through examples than words. They will hear the words from their parents but then look to their parents to see the reality of how such words are to be applied. So, there are two lessons, the theoretical one and the practical one. Equally so most people can become a 'professional' teacher. They simply need to go through the course of training. However, how well they absorb the pedagogical theories and manage to bring them over to practice is another matter.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The world is full of professionals that are good enough; they get the job done. One of the big debates in the educational field however is how to value and reward master teachers. It is basically a bit of a conundrum; because once a teacher reaches a level of mastery they most likely did it because they love teaching and no monetary gain will draw them away from their calling. So the status quo continues and in most countries there is not much difference in the wealth of master teachers and regular "good enough" teachers, unless that is, those master teachers are also entrepreneurial.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Now the insight I will share in this series is not just for master teachers. It is for any online language teachers that are serious at becoming great and getting rewarded for the increased impact they can have on their students. There will always be a percentage of teachers who are smart enough to make good financially but instead decide they would like to dedicate all their time to teaching those who need it most. That is highly commendable and I was that way inclined for a long time too. However, teachers have the right to options and I believe the option of making good in your career so your family and yourself are looked after in the long run should be available, as it is to people in most other highly impactful professions.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">So let's get down to brass tacks! As a teacher you are subject to the same economical principles as anybody else trading a product or service. Purists don't like to think this is true, but at the same time complain about schools and institutes being too "business orientated". Well, they are that way for a reason. Although I agree some of them have completely lost the plot and hired marketing professionals from other industries who have made a mess of things, we will get into that later. Let us first look at the basic economic principle of supply and demand.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Supply and Demand</span></b></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">It may seem that the tutoring/teaching space is very crowded at times. Particularly when you look at the online market. Additionally, any companies that serve in this space are fairly young or young wings from older education providers. The former is in the majority though. Which makes for slim pickings when it comes to online work. Over the last few years, I have seen the conditions for online language teachers take a sharp dive in regards to benefits, policy and of course wages. Many of the newer providers actually offer the worst in terms of payment. But even some older providers have been able to have a steady flow of teachers fill their ranks while offering very low rates. So as in the case in most of these situations, where the people lining up at the door to get a job are almost as many as the ones inside an "If you don't like it leave!" attitude takes over. After all, the owners of these companies are just businessmen, after all, most of them have probably never spent more than a couple of days in front of a classroom.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Gloomy isn't it? Well if that is your view of reality I want to show you the other side of the picture. These companies, whether they have more applicants or not, can only be so good at marketing their service. Additionally, they have many pitfalls providing a service that smaller operators can avoid. It is a lot easier nowadays to market someone than something. That is why so many brands have social media ambassadors now; you cut out the middle man by becoming an independent operator and your own brand ambassador.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Have you ever tried posting a job advertisement before? I have! I was recruiting for a small language school back in 2010 and posted a little ad on one of the online job boards. I received well over a hundred applications and was receiving a steady flow in the following months after that. That wasn't even for an online position, that was for an in-person placement where they would have to fly to a foreign country if they were accepted. You get the idea!</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Now, have you ever tried posting a little ad to get some new students? Some of you have. If you got an overwhelmingly fantastic response from that you are in the minority.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Does this mean that there are more teachers than students? No, not at all. It means it takes more effort to get customers than it does to get applications from potential employees. There are still far more students who can afford to pay a premium than all the EAL teachers combined. Even the lousy ones with $5 certificates and bad drinking problems <span class="_5mfr" style="margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/td2/1/16/1f604.png?_nc_eui2=AeG13zf4TibO0xyJIDXFee65xbwiprX2NrnFvCKmtfY2uYs-ZcLY1KcVhkp25viAHyg"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">😄</span></span>, no sorry, don't be that person (but we will come back to them later). Let me throw a few numbers into the bucket for comparison.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">There are currently more than 4 million millionaires in China, these are the millionaires we know about, the reality is there may be double that amount. Now I am just using China as a strong example, I will explain how this applies to the whole EAL market in a moment. For now, let's take the UK as an example as a source of teachers, motherland to the great English language. If we took 40% of qualified teachers out of the school system there, those who teach Preschool, Primary, Middle School, High School, College, Special Needs etc. if we took all of them out of their jobs and shipped them over to mainland China, leaving all the poor British kids without any tutor between them, we would only just fulfil the private language tuition needs of their children.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Ahh but it is not the upper-class demographic that is hungriest for private tuition, is it? They can afford to send their kids to the UK for fancy private schooling or to international schools in China, it is the middle class that makes up the greatest demand. When you think "middle-class' you may think of somebody struggling to make ends meet, and worrying about the bills coming in. That isn't the definition of middle-class. The definition of middle-class is somebody who has excess capital above their basic needs and can allocate it towards what they think is important. What do middle-class Chinese think is most important? Their children's future! It is no secret that the focus there is on giving your kids the BEST education humanly possible. Many young Chinese children study for at least 8 or 9 hours a day, double that of most children in developed Western nations. The same can also be said for South Korea.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">So, how big is the middle-class in China you ask? 400 million people. 120 million households with 180 million children that need tuition. Oh, and most likely some of their parents need tuition too, because, let's face it! The education system in China 20-30 years ago wasn't doing a great job in terms of EFL results. So, 180 million children and all the teachers in the UK combined, of whom are not all EAL teachers, amount to around 500,000. Let's bring over all the teachers from the USA, we now have another 3.8 million. Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland - have I missed any? All those together (including all the professors and counsellors in Canada, sorry couldn't separate the data) makes an additional 1.48 million. In total, we have around 5.8 million teachers.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">I am failing to mention three important things, that all the aforementioned countries have a DEMAND for teachers, of the 5.8 million teachers available only a small fraction are EAL teachers and of those EAL teachers, not all are skilled enough to get real SLA (Second Language Acquisition) results from their students. In fact, on this last point, the current statistics on LOTE (Language Other Than English) programs show that less than 5% of students that start learning a foreign language actually continue to threshold level (where they can independently communicate).</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Wow, okay, sorry about that. A whole lot of statistics there. But, in a nutshell what all this means is that:</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">1. There is a crazy inherently unfulfillable demand for EAL teachers in China alone. This is not including all the other emerging markets with almost equally impressive swelling middle classes and new millionaires.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">2. Highly effective teachers are very difficult to come by (remember 95% of students are failing in LOTE programs).</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">3. As mentioned previously, there are a limited number of providers serving in this space, particularly online and they are almost all young companies.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Supply (teachers) --> Providers and Platforms (choke point) --> Demand (students and parents)</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">As an additional point, it is worth mentioning that the majority of potential clients still don't feel that comfortable paying for services online. One of the reasons the Chinese market has become so enticing is because they have gotten ahead of the curve as online consumers and more specifically as online students.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Supply (limited) --> Demand (growing every year as more people get used to learning online)</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Now, I have discussed just one economic principle that if properly understood can help you better approach your rates and value in the marketplace. Let's see how this translates to a competitive advantage.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Source your students directly, deal with them directly and you can operate on a much more effective level than impersonal larger players. If your client views you as a professional teacher who has a high success rate and they feel comfortable with you they will not want to consider going with somebody else.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">I experienced this time and time again when I was a larger operator. We had a language centre and when a teacher left us we would find a portion of their students simply didn't want to continue. We had to make a procedure where if a teacher left, the management and head-teacher would meet with concerned parents and assure them of our continued commitment to their children. The parents were worried they would be handed a teacher that was sub-par to their previous one.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Many online providers have a policy that teachers should not share contact information with students. They often use the excuse that this is to avoid students trying to get free lessons from the teacher or harassing/stalking the teachers; but in reality, it is because they are afraid the students will work out a direct deal with the teachers. Now in truth, this is fair enough as the company has put money into marketing, sales, R&D and overheads that the teacher did not have to put in for. It is worth noting though that the only parts of this equation that teachers really need to learn to start serving the same students are marketing and payments. The other skills such as curriculum R&D, sales, scheduling etc. usually come naturally to teachers; if not, it only takes a little study and practise to get reasonably good at these.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">I remember talking to my sister way back in 2013 about some online teacher directories that were operating in Australia. They originally had a model where they would have the classes purchased through the directory and then the teachers would receive payments through the directory upon successful completion. However, it didn't take long for this business model to be proven unviable. As the teachers were meeting in person with the students and losing a percentage of their pay to the directory they would usually only have the first package bought through the directory; all subsequent purchases were made directly to the teacher. So the directories changed their business model to a finders fee system where it would be a once-off commission (larger than before) but then afterwards it was all between the teacher and their student.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The reasons this hasn't happened in the international online teaching space is:</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">1. Accepting payments from different countries is something many teachers haven't navigated before. It takes a bit of trial and error and quite a bit of research to get a system that works well for you. When compared to a direct bank transfer this is a barrier to entry. However this shouldn't be a reason, a few weeks testing and trialling a system and a few dollars spent will have this challenge done and dusted.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">2. A lot of teachers do not speak the language of the countries these online platforms are operating in, do not understand the culture and have no networks there. This makes finding students difficult. Even finding students in their own country can be a challenge for many let alone internationally. Often the issue is that new online teachers have no idea of which country to target and who their intended demographic is.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The major take-away point here is that the students may come to you through the company but they usually stay on because of you. 80% of the education is YOU and the other 20% you can mitigate. Things like community, branding, status etc. that brands are better at can also be done by you. Although that is a topic for another day. For now, just be aware of these first two barriers to entry, marketing and payments, and be ready to tackle them head-on, if you haven't already.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Additionally, remember that most of the EAL market has not been tapped into yet and those customers the current online platforms are able to covert are only a fraction of what is available. So, put together a marketing strategy, charge what you are worth and make it easy for potential customers to trust and feel comfortable with you!</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In the next part of this series, I will discuss another economic and sales principle, that of Perceived Value.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; margin: 6px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; display: inline; margin: 6px 0px 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In the meantime, I invite you to the comments section to discuss any point of interest and of course brainstorm together with your colleagues. But most important keep shining, sharing and succeeding so that you can fly high and inspire!</span></p>Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-14811518611538759602020-08-30T10:35:00.020-07:002020-08-30T10:39:46.877-07:00Excuses People Make Instead of Getting on With It<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZjvpFoc4cNVJ3vwaSzD8C0CmyNiuxHFDm6ert7GqP1p2C0u72RN120rXgB7F1LdsPLALv1Zg5DVJt7XAPCB_bc_MSfaORTpL7N8SgTsrpJ_nHo2dRKKz8Y0iwbBqR0QDCgPF2IfkLEERk/s1920/Keep-Going.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1920" height="288" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZjvpFoc4cNVJ3vwaSzD8C0CmyNiuxHFDm6ert7GqP1p2C0u72RN120rXgB7F1LdsPLALv1Zg5DVJt7XAPCB_bc_MSfaORTpL7N8SgTsrpJ_nHo2dRKKz8Y0iwbBqR0QDCgPF2IfkLEERk/w512-h288/Keep-Going.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><p>Okay, excuses. We all make them. If not to others, to ourselves. It is part of staying a sane human being. But, imagine if for every excuse we made we followed it with a simple prompt: "But..." "I will...". </p><p><br />I was late today because of the traffic, but I could have left earlier to avoid it, I will try to do better. <br /><br />I messed up my diet because I couldn't resist my favourite baked goods, but I could have made sure to plan out my diet better, I will make a better plan for tomorrow's meals, something I will find easy to follow.<br /><br />You get the idea.<br /><br />Why bother mentioning this prompt? Our language dictates how we view the world. <br /><br />Simple changes like: <br /><br />I have to do this --> I am able to do this/I get to do this<br /><br />You never understand me --> Perhaps I am not expressing myself in a way that you can understand<br /><br />I didn't____ because_____ --> I can do better<br /><br />Essentially changing the way you talk to yourself about situations!<br /><br />Now don't get me wrong. This article, if you can call this horribly formatted sales copy style educational piece an article, is not about "getting on with" what other people are asking you to do. It is about you living the life you have always wanted to do and getting stuck into what you have always wanted to do, to become the person YOU know YOU CAN BE!<br /><br />So let's hear some of these excuses, especially pertaining to my field of LANGUAGE ACQUISTION. <br /><br />Would you be suprised if I told you that learning a language isn't really THAT hard? It is just TEDIOUS if you let it become that way.<br /><br />Here are some common excuses people make:<br /><br />"My brain just doesn't remember the vocabulary, I find it so hard"<br /><br />"After several years of taking the language at school I still couldn't understand it"<br /><br />"I just don't have the time to learn the language, I am too busy"<br /><br />"I don't feel motivated to learn it, I have always been able to find somebody who speaks my native language to help me" <br /><br />"I don't have any chances to speak to native speakers of my target language"<br /><br />"I am afraid of making mistakes"<br /><br />"The grammar is so complex for me, it is going to be such a huge task for me to get to a communicative level"<br /><br />Okay, first of all, take the ones that apply to you and add "But____ I will_____"<br /><br />If learning the language is something you really WANT then this should be easy. Let's try!<br /><br />"After several years of taking the language at school I still couldn't understand it, but, neither could my friends. I will try and find a way of learning that has the highest percentage of successful students"</p><p><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitDv2W5_VENVcjV7OuEagx4TCpF0hjZLY7GKZLJ6EqWTIEL2c0vl7ApdlJ0mxJlFf-orF71jzaMtB2fsM9U-uKEH1-oZ0Gwgc7el2BXmeMYZgwlcnU4obqbcRbexLs1KwyLTx96EczAQVy/s620/how-to-learn-fast.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="413" data-original-width="620" height="341" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitDv2W5_VENVcjV7OuEagx4TCpF0hjZLY7GKZLJ6EqWTIEL2c0vl7ApdlJ0mxJlFf-orF71jzaMtB2fsM9U-uKEH1-oZ0Gwgc7el2BXmeMYZgwlcnU4obqbcRbexLs1KwyLTx96EczAQVy/w512-h341/how-to-learn-fast.jpg" width="512" /></a><br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p>There you go, that wasn't so hard was it?<br /><br />However!<br /><br />The biggest excuse I have seen that people often elude to, but rarely address directly is:<br /><br />"I will do it one day, I know I can do it, I just need to stay motivated, I need to discipline myself!"<br /><br />My goodness, have you heard this? Have you felt this? I bet you have! Maybe not related to language learning, but something precious right?<br /><br />Better health<br /><br />Better skills<br /><br />Better relationships<br /><br />Wider knowledge<br /><br />A dream project<br /><br />A life changing journey<br /><br />Which has it been for you?<br /><br />Well I want to dedicate this next part to quelling this nasty and all powerful sucker once and for all. Are you with me? Of course you are or you would have left me a few paragraphs ago! <br /><br />Jokes aside I want you to take a moment and contemplate the following:<br /><br />If I started 5 years ago, would I be much further into my journey today? How would I feel about that?<br /><br />The time has passed, the time will pass. Time is not a barrier, it is ever present, always moving. I will make time my friend! I will sow many seeds in the strains of time that are passing through me! I will believe in the process! The process I experience may be unique. It will be my teacher! It will become part of me!<br /><br />If I had a horrible learning curve, if it caused me much embarrassment, but I overcame it and learned more about myself, and that I was capable of tackling the task, no matter how eloquently, no matter how quickly. How would I feel about that today?<br /><br />I hope the answers are a little uplifting for you. You see:<br /><br />You didn't motivate yourself to go to school. The commitment was expected from you from society, in the belief that the process would work and in the knowledge that if you showed up, you would probably participate, at least a little.<br /><br />You didn't motivate yourself to go to work. The commitment was expected from your empty wallet,, staring back at you, and the lack of freedom and independence you experienced with that audacious empty wallet.<br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8C_MHq95hdbaxHy_QtBKcn5d42VSazBsfUTak-OKM5ptGtyJIY1p6sRsJLqPKgN30pSIX2B4Utpc0vn0k99bHtJaI_9-HI0RbJPPnoAdUiF2nSbn-5J7gXY_qt8EWeh07jzMYjaqUDyLY/s2048/Bulldog.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="Image by L-Young on DeviantArt" border="0" data-original-height="1583" data-original-width="2048" height="309" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8C_MHq95hdbaxHy_QtBKcn5d42VSazBsfUTak-OKM5ptGtyJIY1p6sRsJLqPKgN30pSIX2B4Utpc0vn0k99bHtJaI_9-HI0RbJPPnoAdUiF2nSbn-5J7gXY_qt8EWeh07jzMYjaqUDyLY/w400-h309/Bulldog.png" title="Image by L-Young on DeviantArt" width="400" /></a><br /><br />You did these things because they were immediate "no brainers". Now, if you can put yourself in a position that was once your future, is now your present and will soon become your past. Then remind yourself that the time will pass anyway. That this commitment will be for YOU because indeed YOU will experience the joy of the achievement, perhaps then you can put yourself in a mindset where you take a bulldog approach. <br /><br />What I call the bulldog approach it biting down on what you want, and hanging on for the ride. Or as the idiom goes "grab the bull by the horns" and hang on!<br /><br />Enjoy the process!<br /><br />Commit to the ride!<br /><br />Activate your tenacity!<br /><br />If you master this ability you will be amazed and astounded by the level of personal fulfillment and improvement you can attain.<br /><br />Will it be "easy"? Well that depends on how you talk to your self about it, will it be "tedious"? Let's do our best to make sure it's not. <br /><br />The destination and time matters not, what matters is that you get there and grow along the way.<br /><br />Bon Voyage!<br /></p><br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p><br /></p>Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-27633607682243658822019-11-04T21:50:00.003-08:002019-11-04T21:50:36.730-08:00The Future of Corporate Language Instruction is Online<span style="background-color: white;">In many English speaking countries corporate training is a big sector. What many native English speakers perhaps don't realise is that a huge portion of global corporate training is English language instruction. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrr5h8AIwJArW82ld3KOzFX3d5YNonNVbPY0a2mkF0Lv2ApvVmkVIF2IkvBt3TDkBs_0LcJ1lNu-YdWxIVxL2McMZLS9XeWbsiaTtS3e4mHel4IqtTAe7zJihV2NudTqG5ng_K7It_DCQ6/s1600/training-998351_960_720.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="678" data-original-width="960" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrr5h8AIwJArW82ld3KOzFX3d5YNonNVbPY0a2mkF0Lv2ApvVmkVIF2IkvBt3TDkBs_0LcJ1lNu-YdWxIVxL2McMZLS9XeWbsiaTtS3e4mHel4IqtTAe7zJihV2NudTqG5ng_K7It_DCQ6/s320/training-998351_960_720.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK-IWj4kIWaG_WCwipLmyeA9iSWOLzgw4y3xVzgPPW5t4zmTiDc-UN-odOlhqNfi_9TUodEe6CB0IwD46WPdOMxpyXXnq95U3lzrzCLM8vI5qGq6zWopa7t6PxSwJ60fFR9vuHbTCmxHda/s1600/Laptop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK-IWj4kIWaG_WCwipLmyeA9iSWOLzgw4y3xVzgPPW5t4zmTiDc-UN-odOlhqNfi_9TUodEe6CB0IwD46WPdOMxpyXXnq95U3lzrzCLM8vI5qGq6zWopa7t6PxSwJ60fFR9vuHbTCmxHda/s320/Laptop.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="background-color: white;">Many big names in language instruction in Indonesia for example like Wall Street English, English First and Berlitz make the largest portion of their profits on in-house training programs, usually focusing on business English. Additionally there are several smaller players like English Today which are completely focused on the corporate sector and are quite competitive. I predict though that in coming years corporate English instruction could change to become more affordable, effective and accessible. The driving force behind this will be the switch to online based training.<br /><br />Online based training is already becoming common place for industries that rely on remote outsourcing to recruit talent. Industries like the localisation industry (translation services to help companies target new markets) have most of their training done through instructors online. The "quiz" based online training that was prevalent over the previous decade is not what I am discussing here. I'm talking about small groups of trainees studying a personalised curriculum with a skilled online instructor.<br /><br />First though let us discuss why the status quo is going to become increasingly nonviable for companies looking to upgrade their team.<br /><br /><b>Problems With The Status Quo</b></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;"><b> </b>I have been teaching Business English in-house for twelve years. I began in 2007 teaching at government departments and then went on to teach at NGOs, corporations and small businesses. One thing I found through these experiences is that an in-house trainer’s main challenge was on how to keep the trainees engaged and committed throughout the course. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;">Human beings prioritise. This is something natural and meaningful. Thus, most people will put immediate demands in front of long term gain. </span><span style="background-color: white;">Subsequently employees usually turn up to the first training sessions motivated and in full force. However whatever the quality of training most in-house training programs will never see the same attendance again. In some organisations it may even become a fraction of what it was. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;">Some exceptions are when:</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL04HypaO8r9OXQ0ZIXsCJoXTtnYu-U-CcBXDgNt3sb8H5AYt95SPBsYkZx3QiFo2qWEmqJ-862apXCEgpjWJUCEgQNPZaf6fPCraIrhzUhHjD-wiJjoyShhoaYhq_av-TVmIsFobxPXbr/s1600/Presentation.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="835" height="275" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL04HypaO8r9OXQ0ZIXsCJoXTtnYu-U-CcBXDgNt3sb8H5AYt95SPBsYkZx3QiFo2qWEmqJ-862apXCEgpjWJUCEgQNPZaf6fPCraIrhzUhHjD-wiJjoyShhoaYhq_av-TVmIsFobxPXbr/s320/Presentation.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<li><span style="background-color: white;">The organisational culture is already effectively geared towards self-improvement</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Financial incentives are provided (either deducting from or adding to wages)</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">There is a slump in business and many team members are under utilised</span></li>
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<span style="background-color: white;">In the first case this is positive but rare. I have only ever experienced this in a small percentage of organisations. Still when things got extra busy at the office, attention, if not attendance, was reduced. The other two cases are mainly negative. Financial incentives cause extra cost to employers or reduce employee motivation to volunteer for the program (in the case of deductions / payments). A slump in business means that the organisation may be in trouble. In any case point 3 should not be “expected” as well organised businesses will still have alternative and productive tasks to the team to do in slow periods. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;">In addition to attendance there are some other inherent flaws with the traditional delivery of in-house training:</span><br />
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<u style="background-color: white;">Large group sizes</u><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;">Smaller group sizes are the single most effective pedagogical factor according to extensive research in educational psychology</span><br />
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<u style="background-color: white;">Lack of personalisation </u><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;">Trainees learn better from material that is tweaked to their individual interests and goals. This is possible to a certain degree in adapting material to particular organisations . However the smaller the group the better the personalisation. In the case of larger teams even complementary personality types can be paired together so the group is as conducive as possible.</span><br />
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<u style="background-color: white;">One size fits all</u><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;">In large groups you will almost always have a mixture of levels. A set curriculum is not conducive to a large group with mixed levels when it comes to language learning. A skilled instructor may be able to run up to three curriculums at a time, but this reduces their efficiency with any one level and it is most likely that the number of levels at an organisation outnumber three. </span><br />
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<u style="background-color: white;">Inflexible study times</u><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;">It is almost impossible to arrange scheduling that suits everybody in an organisation. Because of this some team members miss out on training despite the budget being used. Often these are team members that direly need to upgrade their communication skills like sales or external consultants. These are the people in the field doing presentations and meeting potential clients. <b></b></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizcELPE7uRDybVKapFkj-I1uHkeA9lgjOA4ILrxyUWldTJd9jhEO_5bpmg_g_SHuMv69nw_lta2xoMRMldF5qNh_z4U8R72psV2gfCxB5q9ZocHbHgHC9q1uFlKMClmteiGljtfc96ZdLc/s1600/Teleconference.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="683" data-original-width="1024" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizcELPE7uRDybVKapFkj-I1uHkeA9lgjOA4ILrxyUWldTJd9jhEO_5bpmg_g_SHuMv69nw_lta2xoMRMldF5qNh_z4U8R72psV2gfCxB5q9ZocHbHgHC9q1uFlKMClmteiGljtfc96ZdLc/s320/Teleconference.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<b style="background-color: white;">The Solution Is Here</b><br />
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<ul>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Small Group Sizes</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Level Appropriate Instruction</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Flexible Scheduling</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Improved Accountability = Improved Attendance</span></li>
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<b><u style="background-color: white;">Online Semi-Private Instruction</u></b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><a class="CID834eec0a-d099-48c3-8ac8-4d31ba2ebd40" data-sessionid="43adc0df-4795-2412-6860-9284d6ae4f67" data-shapeids="4" data-slideid="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null"> </a><img class="CID834eec0a-d099-48c3-8ac8-4d31ba2ebd40" data-from-ppt-online="true" data-image-height-mu="8.33333333333333" data-image-width-mu="16.6666666666667" src="data:image/jpg;base64, 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" /></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<b style="background-color: white;">How Does it Work?</b></div>
<br />
<div>
<ol>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Team is given a placement test and orientation</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Based on this test they are separated into groups of 4</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">They are given personal instruction in these groups for 25 minutes each session</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">These sessions are scheduled at times that suit the individual groups</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Assessment is given in a formative manner, increasing the number of effective sessions</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Real time updates of attendance and progress can be shared with Human Resource and Training staff</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfJsVa6sy7EVLBQz9iVkS-lwSyb6WOTXpfS_D0kE8HO1hNzSPq8bPChmWACRn-6P2J221_TUXvAWrgtsHbRayl3GkEomhuyGPBeiMyltYjRtbzfXRMpuBi8Ij0KL37HhKqK9YHwD8VR58i/s1600/people-woman-coffee-meeting.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfJsVa6sy7EVLBQz9iVkS-lwSyb6WOTXpfS_D0kE8HO1hNzSPq8bPChmWACRn-6P2J221_TUXvAWrgtsHbRayl3GkEomhuyGPBeiMyltYjRtbzfXRMpuBi8Ij0KL37HhKqK9YHwD8VR58i/s640/people-woman-coffee-meeting.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<b style="background-color: white;">Investment Comparison Breakdown Example</b></div>
<div>
<b style="background-color: white;"><br /></b></div>
<div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre !important;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">2 X 2hr / week instruction</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW95042322" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{283b82bc-37c6-4dc5-8e08-60a3d021e353}{175}" paraid="1591201177" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre !important;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">$50 per hour (trainer)</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW95042322" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{f99f31cc-6802-4f45-845f-e3abee7f1983}{125}" paraid="613499780" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre !important;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">+$30 (transport) if the location is in a major city centre</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW95042322" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{9f076474-c6f8-41b6-89f4-739f8f26497f}{75}" paraid="1153319802" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW95042322" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{535e2d95-03cd-44ca-bc19-d658e876c72e}{253}" paraid="257925328" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">$130/session X 8.6</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559740":240}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW95042322" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{52784870-5854-443e-9114-51b56fddb3cc}{170}" paraid="775124885" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW95042322" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{535e2d95-03cd-44ca-bc19-d658e876c72e}{255}" paraid="1726401975" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">Total = $1,118 per month</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW95042322" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{4bb599eb-1896-414b-aa23-ea71b86a3f95}{202}" paraid="1739548974" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW95042322" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{b156f4ee-b60b-4c43-93ed-09287e1412b7}{2}" paraid="610050981" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">-Real number of employees trained: +-10/20 (due to previously mentioned variables)</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW95042322" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{1860a608-d9e2-4d03-9171-6aa1441a7818}{51}" paraid="1831617991" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{b156f4ee-b60b-4c43-93ed-09287e1412b7}{4}" paraid="495195105" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">-Efficiency of instruction: sub-optimal</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{cba71eef-6b66-49f4-927e-f7650b6ff0e4}{156}" paraid="1200062632" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{b156f4ee-b60b-4c43-93ed-09287e1412b7}{6}" paraid="1979587762" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">-Total ours of productivity used: 172</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{b156f4ee-b60b-4c43-93ed-09287e1412b7}{8}" paraid="794446891" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">Example $5hr X 172 =$860</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{b156f4ee-b60b-4c43-93ed-09287e1412b7}{10}" paraid="200031523" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{b156f4ee-b60b-4c43-93ed-09287e1412b7}{12}" paraid="1287759025" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">Total cost PP: $118/month plus productivity cost</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{b156f4ee-b60b-4c43-93ed-09287e1412b7}{14}" paraid="1076846029" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td class="SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-celllook="0" role="columnheader" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 0px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: top; width: 312px;"><div class="TableCellContent SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 4px; user-select: text;">
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{8ee2d181-aabc-4960-a217-d48cb5c3ccfa}{27}" paraid="2102592653" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">Online</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{450ddf53-a47a-4d1e-8411-8bca57112bee}{43}" paraid="277223606" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre !important;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">20 Participants = 5 groups</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{42e1f48d-e708-4c5b-a9e6-9f97ccbd1e83}{48}" paraid="1871936283" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{8ee2d181-aabc-4960-a217-d48cb5c3ccfa}{34}" paraid="862546311" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">$25 Per 25min session (trainer)</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559740":240}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{a83b2cd4-0b31-402f-8c06-4cddb218b4e9}{253}" paraid="2051989350" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre !important;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{a83b2cd4-0b31-402f-8c06-4cddb218b4e9}{253}" paraid="2051989350" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white; font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{a83b2cd4-0b31-402f-8c06-4cddb218b4e9}{253}" paraid="2051989350" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="background-color: white; font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{a83b2cd4-0b31-402f-8c06-4cddb218b4e9}{253}" paraid="2051989350" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">5 X $25 = $125 X 8.6</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559740":240}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{5e6f8e8b-a95d-48ee-a8d1-44bf11463021}{120}" paraid="1075968525" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559740":240}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12px;"><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559740":240}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{8ee2d181-aabc-4960-a217-d48cb5c3ccfa}{36}" paraid="1112283112" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">Total = $1,075 per month</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{bb6a5285-13d5-4994-adae-8b09f966a38d}{152}" paraid="14784578" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{8ee2d181-aabc-4960-a217-d48cb5c3ccfa}{38}" paraid="1691275501" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">-Real number of employees trained: 20/20</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{50e8bc46-c6b5-453c-a774-5f62ea0f3a16}{102}" paraid="299521627" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{2d0e7cd0-940a-4ff2-a32a-a833bb237f17}{1}" paraid="1570373393" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{8ee2d181-aabc-4960-a217-d48cb5c3ccfa}{40}" paraid="1975622106" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">-Efficiency of instruction: Prime</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{abb5c10d-d81e-4225-b770-8e09ee91d9c9}{206}" paraid="145215855" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{8ee2d181-aabc-4960-a217-d48cb5c3ccfa}{42}" paraid="1063824362" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">-Total hours of productivity used: Less than 86 Example: $5hr X 86 = $430</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{8ee2d181-aabc-4960-a217-d48cb5c3ccfa}{44}" paraid="97183223" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{8ee2d181-aabc-4960-a217-d48cb5c3ccfa}{46}" paraid="2053793494" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">Total cost PP: $53.75/month minus productivity saving</span><span class="EOP SCXW95042322 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "corbel" , "corbel_msfontservice" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW95042322 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{8ee2d181-aabc-4960-a217-d48cb5c3ccfa}{14}" paraid="636300163" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW95042322" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW95042322 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{dca25c7c-4b8c-4559-a326-6ee7c5c86cd9}{12}" paraid="1367616663" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW75858340" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{191}" paraid="642404401" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">In short:</span><span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{191}" paraid="642404401" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW75858340" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{199}" paraid="466324641" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">-Increased effect</span><span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW75858340" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{201}" paraid="694660695" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">-Increased scope</span><span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW75858340" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{203}" paraid="1109266398" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW75858340" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{205}" paraid="1062546718" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">Which equates to:</span><span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{205}" paraid="1062546718" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW75858340" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{207}" paraid="1056508383" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">-Half the cost</span><span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW75858340" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{209}" paraid="1593256329" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">-Double the effect</span><span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{209}" paraid="1593256329" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{209}" paraid="1593256329" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b>How To Get Started</b></span></div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW147026487" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW147026487 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{82}" paraid="79845187" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">There are international providers your company can use:</span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW147026487 BCX0" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW147026487 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre !important;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW147026487 BCX0" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW147026487 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre !important;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"><b>Example:</b> Verbling.com/enterprise</span><span class="EOP SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW147026487" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW147026487 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{84}" paraid="77850186" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<br /></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW147026487" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW147026487 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{86}" paraid="1711281241" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">And </span><span class="TextRun SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"><span class="ContextualSpellingAndGrammarError SCXW147026487 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">also</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"> local options:</span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW147026487 BCX0" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW147026487 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre !important;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW147026487 BCX0" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW147026487 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre !important;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"><b>Example:</b> English-Today-Online.com</span><span class="EOP SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW147026487" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW147026487 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{88}" paraid="1493098533" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<br /></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW147026487" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW205990529" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW205990529 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{90}" paraid="1189820876" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW205990529 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB"><b>You can also find an independent instructor you like</b> and commission them to make such a program. <u>Make sure they are experienced delivering online instruction to groups!</u></span><span class="EOP SCXW205990529 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":240}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW205990529" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW205990529 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{92}" paraid="34088941" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW205990529" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW205990529 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{94}" paraid="1006764361" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="TextRun SCXW205990529 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-GB">Remember --> Even a poor instructor will do better in ideal circumstances than a master instructor in poor circumstances.</span><span class="EOP SCXW205990529 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":240}" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW205990529 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{94}" paraid="1006764361" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<span class="EOP SCXW205990529 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":240}" style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW205990529 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{94}" paraid="1006764361" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<span class="EOP SCXW205990529 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":240}" style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="TextRun SCXW1829820 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-GB" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-kerning: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-GB"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW1829820 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">In conclusion, online corporate training is more effective, efficient and affordable than traditional in-house training. Although not a common choice it is the one that can help give your team and company an added competitive advantage.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW1829820 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":240}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW147026487" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW147026487 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{94}" paraid="1006764361" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<span class="EOP SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW147026487 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{94}" paraid="1006764361" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-GB">
<span class="EOP SCXW147026487 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph SCXW75858340 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{94a70b4f-7e83-4d8c-ba86-ee406a000c5b}{209}" paraid="1593256329" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; margin-left: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -17px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="EOP SCXW75858340 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":1,"335559685":263,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":263}" style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman" , "times new roman_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph SCXW147026487 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{fe4f5895-83a3-4727-9840-4acb5eff5389}{80}" paraid="73609949" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
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<b><br /></b>Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-91846797711996773272018-12-05T21:45:00.000-08:002020-10-24T08:30:43.807-07:00Lessons learned from sitting in traffic<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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"How did I get myself into this situation yet again" I thought to myself as my car inched its way through traffic. I called my wife "I think I'll be home around 11... I know... I left two hours ago, the traffic is insane... yes I know Friday evenings are like this... okay just go to bed, I'll try not to wake you".<br>
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For me that was the occasional Friday evening, I used to go to a public speaking club in the city. The club was great and I enjoyed being a member, however whenever I had to go home I felt like I'd rather check into a hotel than face the traffic home.<br>
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Jakarta is like many other megalopolises today. I have always worked in satellite cities surrounding the Big Durian so I never had to experience the full brunt of Jakarta traffic everyday. Even so, the traffic on the outskirts of the city, on the many ring and sub-ring roads, was enough for me to question the sanity of it all.<br>
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How can people working in the city put up with it. To reach the office at 9am they have to leave around at least 7am, then they will face two hours in traffic. If they leave before 6am, they may get to their office in under an hour, but then they are two hours early. Some offices have combated this problem by allowing an "early clock in" program, where if you clock into work two hours early, you are also allowed to leave two hours early. Unfortunately though they are in the minority. Additionally those "early clock in" programs are often thwarted by workload and meetings.<br>
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So what is the solution? Some have mentioned that offices could make a "work from home" arrangement a few days a week. Essentially this makes sense as those 4-5 hours a day some workers are spending on the road are not productive hours. Or as the state of Utah did with government workers in June 2008 the working week could be changed to four 10 hours days instead of five 8 hour days. It was stated that the Working4Utah program resulted in "reductions
in absenteeism and overtime [which] saved the state £4.1 million dollars". This shows that rethinking the way we work not only makes for happier workers and less traffic but also reductions in business operating expenses.<br>
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Another solution is that from an individual level. A typical white collar salary in Jakarta today is approximately $280 USD per month (Feb 2018). When the monetary financial crisis hit Jakarta in 1997 my barber lost his office job in the city. He knew that looking for a "job" at that time would be pretty hopeless so he started to self-teach himself how to cut hair. Now he charges a very reasonable fee of S1 USD for a haircut and a shoulder and head massage. This is an affordable price for everybody that lives in his neighborhood. He walks to work and serves an average of 20-30 customers a day. 20 USD times by 20 days a week means he is grossing more than 400 USD per month (as small businesses like his don't have to pay tax in Indonesia). He has to pay around $70 USD a month for rent and perhaps another $10 USD for electricity. So let's put his running costs at $90 USD a month. You can see now why it wouldn't make sense for him to apply for jobs in the city, bear the commute and travel expenses, only to earn less. Additionally, he is his own boss, there is nobody telling him how to serve his customers.<br>
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I have been told that in China today more and more young Chinese find it hard to accept work over starting their own businesses. The average salary for white collar workers in China has now overtaken Indonesia and even the Philippines, yet companies still find it hard to recruit dynamic young people. This is because the cost of getting started in business is becoming less and less everyday and the lure of future success has become too tempting to ignore.<br>
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One of my favourite quotes is: "When nothing is for certain, anything can happen." Indeed when hours of sitting in traffic everyday become a certainty, perhaps anything else is better.<br>
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What's your take? How is it in your country? Are people turning to business, freelancing and the gig economy instead of traditional jobs? How bad is the commute to your CBD? I look forward to the discussion!<br>
<br>Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-31983332086658804392018-12-04T18:27:00.000-08:002018-12-04T18:27:52.785-08:00Creating a new habit<div class="" data-block="true" data-editor="RichEditor" data-offset-key="5nfp6-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4f5457; font-family: "Open Sans"; font-size: 14.25px; letter-spacing: 0.5px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
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So it isn't easy to make a new habit. We all know that habits are important, we can see that by the countless memorable quotes on habit like:</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="6vasa-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">Quality is not an act, it is a </span><span data-offset-key="6vasa-0-1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;">habit</span><span data-offset-key="6vasa-0-2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">. ...</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="atha5-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">Make it a </span><span data-offset-key="atha5-0-1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;">habit</span><span data-offset-key="atha5-0-2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"> to tell people thank you. ...</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="4ddl7-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">Laziness is nothing more than the </span><span data-offset-key="4ddl7-0-1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;">habit</span><span data-offset-key="4ddl7-0-2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"> of resting before you get tired. ...</span></div>
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<li class="public-DraftStyleDefault-unorderedListItem public-DraftStyleDefault-depth0 public-DraftStyleDefault-listLTR" data-block="true" data-editor="RichEditor" data-offset-key="atr8c-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr" data-offset-key="atr8c-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">
<span data-offset-key="atr8c-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">If you are going to achieve excellence in big things, you develop the </span><span data-offset-key="atr8c-0-1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;">habit</span><span data-offset-key="atr8c-0-2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"> in little matters. ...</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="fa21j-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">We are what we repeatedly do.</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="ehlnq-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">Recently I have been thinking a lot about habits and how small changes in my routine have given me such large results. Also how changes I am putting off are causing me to fall behind. Can you relate?</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="dp6sn-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">We are developed and largely controlled by the habits we keep. If we do not create good habits we will find we have bad ones in their place. </span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="du5c3-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">Okay so why have I been thinking about this so much. It's because I have so much I want to do with my life. As I know you probably do too. However the biggest obstacle is always time. So the first step I needed to take was to reclaim my time. </span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="9ndaf-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">The biggest user of my time as for most people was to earn a living. I fixed that problem three years ago when I started to freelance instead of working full-time. But, I was left with a void. Where before my life revolved around work, suddenly my work became flexible. I had a hundred an one options on how to spend my time after making my working life more efficient and flexible. The result was my life became a disorganised mess. Have you ever experienced this? </span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="aj0lf-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">It took time to adjust to my new life away from the 9-5. I understand why some people never leave it, just because they are so comfortable having somebody else organise the majority of their lives. I can say it was worth it though. </span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="7f3lj-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-I now have time for 2 work outs a day, and I do them</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="bld52-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-I have time to take my son to school and pick him up</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="5eu5a-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-I have some quality family time everyday</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="a1l7s-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-I have time to write, read and discuss with friends and acquaintances</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="e083r-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-I arrange my own holidays, and as my wife is also a sole trader we can match our schedules</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="a978g-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-I have a few hours each day for study</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="cbdjq-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-I can get 8 hours of sleep a day</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="1kbpe-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">All of the above may seem overly simple and not that amazing. But you would be suprised how many people will read the above as "bragging" because sadly such activities have become luxuries for most people nowadays. But why? Why do we have to trade all the things that build us up as human beings, just to put bread on the table. Or is it for more than bread alone?</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="4pq62-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">It's through prioritisation and habits that we can regain control of our own lives. Keep everything balanced, according to our own personality and needs.</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="d0og3-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">The latest new habit I need to make is daily Spanish practise. Hopefully I can do most of this with a native speaker. I know it is going to be hard but just like all the other habits I have made, once I get used to it I am going to see amazing changes. </span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="7epfo-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">What is a habit you would like to make?</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="1gsqn-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">Do you have time to introduce new habits into your schedule?</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="a0fu-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><br data-text="true" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;" /></span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="3k2t5-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">Have you had similar experiences to me?</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="7uiro-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><br data-text="true" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;" /></span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="7oalj-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">I'm looking forward to the discussion!</span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="cks69-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><br data-text="true" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;" /></span></div>
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<span data-offset-key="7t27c-0-0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><span data-text="true" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-Hugh</span></span></div>
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Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-42393135174578992802016-09-27T06:03:00.001-07:002017-03-30T01:15:01.691-07:00What is the best way to learn a foreign language as an adult? Is there a book on this subject?<div class="qtext_para" style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
There is not a one-size-fits all answer to this but generally speaking.</div>
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Any method/environment that gives you lots of comprehensible input (language that you can grasp the meaning of) and is just a little above your current level.</div>
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Secondly you will need some kind of ‘feedback loop’ in that when you try to use the language or guess at the meaning of difference phrases you will get some sort of response, i.e. you can not learn language in a vacuum.</div>
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Finally it should be enjoyable for you, when you are stressed it will stop you from absorbing language (see: the affective filter) and it will also cause you to refrain from practicing/learning again. A certain level of stress or confusion is normal, but too much can be fatal.</div>
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If you would like to hear more about language learning, particularly self-study you can follow<span class="qlink_container"><a class="external_link" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/lingosteve" rel="noopener nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%20standalone%3D%22no%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg%20width%3D%2214px%22%20height%3D%2214px%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2014%2014%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20xmlns%3Axlink%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2Fxlink%22%20xmlns%3Asketch%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bohemiancoding.com%2Fsketch%2Fns%22%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%3C!--%20Generator%3A%20Sketch%203.5.2%20(25235)%20-%20http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bohemiancoding.com%2Fsketch%20--%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%3Ctitle%3Eexternal_link%3C%2Ftitle%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%3Cdesc%3ECreated%20with%20Sketch.%3C%2Fdesc%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%3Cdefs%3E%3C%2Fdefs%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%3Cg%20id%3D%22Page-1%22%20stroke%3D%22none%22%20stroke-width%3D%221%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20fill-rule%3D%22evenodd%22%20sketch%3Atype%3D%22MSPage%22%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Cg%20id%3D%22external_link%22%20sketch%3Atype%3D%22MSLayerGroup%22%20fill%3D%22%23ccc%22%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M10%2C8%20C9.447%2C8%209%2C8.448%209%2C9%20L9%2C12%20L2%2C12%20L2%2C5%20L5%2C5%20C5.553%2C5%206%2C4.552%206%2C4%20C6%2C3.448%205.553%2C3%205%2C3%20L1%2C3%20C0.447%2C3%200%2C3.448%200%2C4%20L0%2C13%20C0%2C13.552%200.447%2C14%201%2C14%20L10%2C14%20C10.553%2C14%2011%2C13.552%2011%2C13%20L11%2C9%20C11%2C8.448%2010.553%2C8%2010%2C8%20L10%2C8%20Z%22%20id%3D%22Shape%22%20sketch%3Atype%3D%22MSShapeGroup%22%3E%3C%2Fpath%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M13%2C0%20L8%2C0%20C7.447%2C0%207%2C0.448%207%2C1%20C7%2C1.552%207.447%2C2%208%2C2%20L10.586%2C2%20L4.293%2C8.293%20C3.902%2C8.684%203.902%2C9.316%204.293%2C9.707%20C4.488%2C9.902%204.744%2C10%205%2C10%20C5.256%2C10%205.512%2C9.902%205.707%2C9.707%20L12%2C3.414%20L12%2C6%20C12%2C6.552%2012.447%2C7%2013%2C7%20C13.553%2C7%2014%2C6.552%2014%2C6%20L14%2C1%20C14%2C0.448%2013.553%2C0%2013%2C0%20L13%2C0%20Z%22%20id%3D%22Shape%22%20sketch%3Atype%3D%22MSShapeGroup%22%3E%3C%2Fpath%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%2Fg%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%3C%2Fg%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E"); background-origin: initial; background-position: right 0.3em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: 10.5px; color: #2b6dad; padding-right: 15px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"> Lingo Steve on Youtube</a></span>, he is an educated, experienced professional language instructor with a lot of common sense advice for language learners.</div>
<div class="qtext_para" style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
Alternatively I have written a few short articles on the matter and you are free to send me any queries but I would definitely recommend you check out Steves work first!</div>
<div class="qtext_para" style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 15px; padding: 0px;">
Good luck with your language journey and my final advice is “intensity is always the best way to start” start with an intensive experience that won’t leave you in shock but will instead leave you knowing that you too have an ability to succeed in a foreign language.</div>
Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-68870724543244418642016-05-17T00:35:00.000-07:002016-05-17T00:37:15.764-07:00Do Indonesians Speak English Well?Recently a couple of questions where asked about how well Indonesians speak English. A lot of Indonesians may feel that the quality of Indonesian English is generally low, but I have found otherwise. I elaborated on my feelings in the following answers.<br />
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<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>How good are Indonesians in speaking English, their accent and fluency?</b></span><br />
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Previously Indonesians in the public school system used to study English starting from SMP-SMA (Junior-Senior High School) then schools changed it to start at SD 3 (3rd Year of Primary School) and then for quite a while it has been obligatory since SD 1 (1st Year of Primary School). For private schools, they were usually a few steps ahead with when their students started learning English, most private kindergartens already start giving English from playgroup with songs and chants, but not all.</div>
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There is an interesting phenomena here though where students can 'learn' English for 12+ years but still not be able to communicate with it. This is due to a number of reasons such as:</div>
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<li style="left: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0.7em; position: relative;">A one track curriculum, where if you fall behind there are no more entry points. This also leads to multi-level classrooms that are unmanageable for teachers.</li>
<li style="left: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0.7em; position: relative;">Poor teaching quality (either with pedagogical knowledge, content knowledge or both)</li>
<li style="left: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0.7em; position: relative;">Too many unrealistic competencies which are the same for city schools and schools on a mountain in the middle of a jungle. That leads to poor teaching.</li>
<li style="left: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0.7em; position: relative;">Some people feel motivation is also a factor but I feel with realistic expectations and well trained and facilitated teachers motivation will not be a major issue. Sure if students are self-motivated learners they will do well, but they will do well without classes too.</li>
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It is a very general question when referring to 'Indonesians' but as a whole those who are given the right environment usually learn English very well, I have seen in general the Indonesian tongue and mind is very well suited for English, usually well trained Indonesians have a lovely accent and if they are of the younger generation have good grammar too. The options for Indonesians wanting to introduce their children to this international language have increased with many more schools using the Cambridge curriculum for their Maths, Science and English subjects including Islamic schools. Previously if the Muslim majority wanted to have their children schooled well and speaking English they had to send their children to Catholic schools, now though many Islamic schools have improved in regards to English, although they still haven't yet got the experience to overtake Catholic schools in general.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZnp99B-fv2n7JFMDwFUSjB15D1MzVNUm9CTNY3rdh_g_AwuYr0gQzNeSOpaMK5ukNDFoFIJqVexLkwHV2XTQLLfGm3xlAbiAWnV_Fm_9M29TAsrqUoCMziTGHc5lrcTmQb5Exg1C7t7Qd/s1600/borobudur-temple.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZnp99B-fv2n7JFMDwFUSjB15D1MzVNUm9CTNY3rdh_g_AwuYr0gQzNeSOpaMK5ukNDFoFIJqVexLkwHV2XTQLLfGm3xlAbiAWnV_Fm_9M29TAsrqUoCMziTGHc5lrcTmQb5Exg1C7t7Qd/s400/borobudur-temple.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">What do people from other countries think about Indonesian accents (when speaking English)?</span></b></div>
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I feel I am qualified to answer this question because I have been teaching English to Indonesians almost exclusively for around 10 years. I am an Australian who lives in Jakarta and also a Toastmaster (public speaking organization), so I hear a lot of different English accents coming from Indonesian English speakers.</div>
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In general, Indonesians adapt their pronunciation to English very easily. Sometimes when they have studied English poorly this is not the case but after receiving good instruction early on they have very few long standing difficulties, in fact I would be hard pressed to mention any.</div>
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An exception perhaps are people with a strong Javanese accent in Bahasa Indonesia, I have found a lot of the time their accents stick thickly when they learn English. This is not to say that some can't master English pronunciation and intonation or that those who don't can't be understood. Even Javanese English learners find English easier than Japanese, Chinese, Thai or Korean English learners. Mainly because of the similarities between Bahasa Indonesia and English.</div>
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Inter-language (mixing the two codes of mother tongue and new language) can be an issue but again with proper instruction this can be easily overcome.</div>
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The important stage is Threshold stage, where the learner begins to become independent in their language production. If they have good resources to learn from and a good guide they will do fine, if they have poor resources and a poor guide (maybe the teacher isn't proficient themselves) then this can lead to fosilisation of a poor accent and inter-language.</div>
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So in summary you will find most Indonesians do not speak English, there are many though who can though and many who can speak English quite well, especially if you are dealing with big companies from Jakarta, most international companies only hire Indonesians who can speak English (for obvious reasons).</div>
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The above are edited excerpts from my Quora answers. You can see more questions I've answered on Quora from my Quora profile <a href="https://www.quora.com/profile/Hugh-Elliott-2">here</a>!</div>
Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-57001690391761297232015-10-06T17:54:00.001-07:002015-10-06T17:54:18.489-07:00How will English help you in your career and future<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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For English Learners,<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWu3pN-1OkcIYHy7lkpGuaI-i5FJsE8_0XydX4rm9vV9eIWql4w_g2s6nAyTSV8JktAynCskYC_WDG9ncW28WnNLk1hXgHha11gYY6VKddGOFHGIHdNM19RkhYKPXS6rzSwwY2c4S3KkTP/s1600/E1353476283professional.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWu3pN-1OkcIYHy7lkpGuaI-i5FJsE8_0XydX4rm9vV9eIWql4w_g2s6nAyTSV8JktAynCskYC_WDG9ncW28WnNLk1hXgHha11gYY6VKddGOFHGIHdNM19RkhYKPXS6rzSwwY2c4S3KkTP/s320/E1353476283professional.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div>
As an Indonesian university student or employee you may wonder how much
English is going to help you with your career. Certainly if you have already
been an employee for a while now you would know that in applying for jobs a lot
of companies ask for great English skills and to find staff who speak English
well is very difficult.<br />
<br />
Even in India where the English speakers are proportionately a much larger
number when compared to countries like Indonesia, the employee who can speak
English well earns an average of 30% more that their non-English speaking
counter parts. This is 30% extra for the entirety of their career. That is a
big difference. Not only does it command a higher salary there but it also
opens up more opportunities, somebody who speaks English well will be able to
secure a position or promotion sooner, also they will be able to acquire
different clients and make different connections than their non-English
speaking counterparts.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYNMETBUYbMOehdHHdHRc1XVGbY9ypVmTRq4AxStdFo6LzgVGa6hhzO5vxnJqzkKKl8KjngaIT2KlW3P_IDgS4ZhNva-I_o0lKk6RRTlLl6ZbjgDauBwoPTfAkMdX1ZluS3e22AocHA3-l/s1600/Ebusinessenglish.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYNMETBUYbMOehdHHdHRc1XVGbY9ypVmTRq4AxStdFo6LzgVGa6hhzO5vxnJqzkKKl8KjngaIT2KlW3P_IDgS4ZhNva-I_o0lKk6RRTlLl6ZbjgDauBwoPTfAkMdX1ZluS3e22AocHA3-l/s320/Ebusinessenglish.jpg" width="320" /></a>Also for professional development English provides a competitive edge
because all of the latest materials for your industry are probably released in
English. In Indonesia, the case is even more impressive than that of India in
that people of certain professions who can speak English can sometimes earn up
to double their non-English speaking counterparts. This is for the same work,
the same hours, having the same qualifications and the same experience. What a
huge cutting edge English gives to your career!<br />
<br />
If you're confused where to start in learning English don't be! If you
already have a basic communicative ability in English you've already won half
the battle. Perhaps as many as 90% of learners of a foreign language don't
continue to be able to communicate in that language. Just take the graduates
from High School around Indonesia as an example, how many of those that you
went to school with can speak English well? How many of those that came from
the local government high school can speak English well? You'll see that in
Indonesia there is a huge skills shortage when it comes to English, which is
why as in India people with English skills here command such great opportunities
for themselves. <br />
<br />
So as somebody who wants to go from being able to communicate to become fluent
in English there has never been a better time to start than now! For those who
cannot communicate confidently yet then for you also there is good news, to get
from not being able to communicate to being able to communicate confidently
will only take 6-12 Months of serious study, and for those who want to get from
communicating to professional fluency you're looking at around 2-3 years.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii2A670f9SNBatGnSMKUvzoRYb1XR81nIZRTaqLfOnqhEe-JHgDvTnsNVIx_vv93H4AYvy3htdyvA9GI58lDFSY5hSv6-xXAkYhTN39pnsc3Dq36wmZRrTk5K0xyHUBxt0aRAmnHPmaWDW/s1600/Eenglish365-for-work-and-life.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="283" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii2A670f9SNBatGnSMKUvzoRYb1XR81nIZRTaqLfOnqhEe-JHgDvTnsNVIx_vv93H4AYvy3htdyvA9GI58lDFSY5hSv6-xXAkYhTN39pnsc3Dq36wmZRrTk5K0xyHUBxt0aRAmnHPmaWDW/s320/Eenglish365-for-work-and-life.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
How can you get started on your English journey? Well for the beginner the
best thing to do is to start formally studying the language. If you have
access to a good English course this is a great way to get started, but that by
itself is not enough. You must also have a discipline routine to practice
daily, so that you can improve steadily. For the person who is looking to get
to an advanced fluency a lot of what you will do is self-study quite often structured
courses will not take you exactly where you need to go because the more
advanced you get in English the more tailor made the approach needs to be. The
person who best knows your weaknesses and who best knows what more you need to
learn are yourself and if you can a personal coach to assess your language
needs.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUl3KSQUWWw98HPdz55sKA-bX8ku-6mffqH9cuIo-5Xfzjn6UkHepKJw-8B7kKwwRx4nnRpnZREdRnSkicguGvXGryyCvCssOtzUO_oq_7BqbjZZ6P_AW0sr9VBeHgtXwcmvPIAyAG5oLk/s1600/Eprof-english.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUl3KSQUWWw98HPdz55sKA-bX8ku-6mffqH9cuIo-5Xfzjn6UkHepKJw-8B7kKwwRx4nnRpnZREdRnSkicguGvXGryyCvCssOtzUO_oq_7BqbjZZ6P_AW0sr9VBeHgtXwcmvPIAyAG5oLk/s320/Eprof-english.png" width="320" /></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So the key phrase for people looking
to reach advanced fluency is "guided learning". It is very useful to
have somebody look at your individual situation and be there to mentor you and
guide you as you progress on your language journey. For somebody who is looking
to just reach communicative competence in the language the key phrase is
"a structured course, with lots of practice in your own time". If you
can commit to these things, set aside the money and the time needed I'm sure
that you can reach your goal of getting better English for a better future.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Don't forget that learning English
can be fun, and if you relax and make a good habit out of it you'll learn much
more easily. Okay I hope that this has helped you in your quest to continue
your language journey and that you'll have the best of success with your
English and in your life.<br />
<br />
Kind regards,<br />
<br />
-Hugh<br />
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<br />Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-63957030988635729672015-09-09T19:30:00.000-07:002015-09-09T19:32:11.027-07:00Salah Persepsi Belajar Bahasa Asing<div class="ecxMsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://change-lives-together.blogspot.com/2015/09/misconceptions-Eng.html" target="_blank">For the English version click here</a></div>
<div class="ecxMsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisBEPT2P9Ztzo7zVmxwIGdMY6GtdTEgCPMiNCSFADlb1LJfcx4EuHXv-zXzrGWtUg763mxMpTg5f7HLwjeNCfQ7Bm1b-k4JGdMjcg93WqbEmLydI0l4hvYuMroMHWdo9Kav4paTPNVral5/s1600/LearnEnglish.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisBEPT2P9Ztzo7zVmxwIGdMY6GtdTEgCPMiNCSFADlb1LJfcx4EuHXv-zXzrGWtUg763mxMpTg5f7HLwjeNCfQ7Bm1b-k4JGdMjcg93WqbEmLydI0l4hvYuMroMHWdo9Kav4paTPNVral5/s1600/LearnEnglish.jpg" width="320" /></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Banyak
orang indonesia yang merasa mereka tidak mempunyai bakat sedikit pun
untuk belajar bahasa ataupun merasa ‘terlalu tua” untuk belajar bahasa
Inggris dengan baik saat ini.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Saya
percaya bahwa kita semua tidak pernah terlalu tua untuk belajar bahasa
asing. Bahkan pelajar dewasa justru mempunyai lebih banyak faktor yang
menguntungkan dalam proses pembelajaran dari pada pelajar-pelajar yang
lebih muda.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Beberapa faktornya antara lain :</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Kemampuan untuk membaca.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Lebih berpengalaman (kelebihan dalam kemampuan belajar secara kontextual)</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Mengerti taktik (pelajar yang masih sangat muda tidak mengerti taktik, mereka lebih condong “mengikuti arus” )</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Kosa kata lebih luas yang dimiliki dari bahasa ibu biasanya mempunyai banyak kesamaan dengan bahasa yang dipelajari.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Kemampuan secara mandiri mencari lawan bicara untuk berlatih dan lain sebagainya.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Berikut
ini adalah kutipan dari sebuah artikel yang ditulis oleh Steve Kaufman
mengenai kesalah-kaprahan umum yang terjadi di masyarakat dalam
belajar bahasa.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Belajar bahasa itu sulit.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Akan
menjadi lebih sulit apabila kalau kita sendiri tidak ada motivasi .
Belajar bahasa perlu proses yang lama namun tidak sulit. Kita hanya
perlu mendengar dan membaca. Percayalah, ini memang semudah itu.
Secepatnya anda akan merasakan kepuasaan dalam mengerti bahasa asing.
Tanpa anda sadari anda sudah mulai menggunakannya. Begitulah biasanya
bahasa diajarkan yang membuat itu mudah untuk disukai.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Kita harus punya bakat dalam belajar bahasa.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Tidak
perlu. Siapapun yang ingin pasti bisa. Di Swedia dan Belanda kebanyakan
orang berbicara lebih dari satu bahasa. Mereka tidak semua berbakat
dalam Kebahasaan. Atlet asing di Amerika Utara biasanya berbicara lebih
cepat daripada orang yang berada di dalam lingkungan belajar yang
formal. </span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Kita harus berada di negara dimana bahasa tersebut dipakai.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Kebanyakan
imigran di Amerika Utara tidak pernah belajar bahasa selain bahasa
inggris yang lambat namun kita melihat beberapa dari mereka yang
berbicara inggris dengan sempurna. Pada tahun 1968, saya belajar bahasa
Mandarin hingga lancar selagi saya tinggal di sana, dimana hanya sedikit
yang berbahasa itu. Dengan adanya internet, pelajaran bahasa juga lebih
mudah diakses oleh siapa pun yang mempunyai komputer atau dengan
menguduhnya ke iPod. Saat ini Lokasi bukanlah suatu halangan.
Dimana-mana anda bisa mengunduhnya.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Hanya anak-anak yang bisa belajar bahasa lain dengan baik.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Hasil
penelitian terakhir terhadap otak manusia menyebutkan bahwa otak kita
tetap mempunyai sifat yang sama alias tidak berubah sejalan dengan umur
kita yang menua. Orang dewasa yang kehilangan daya penglihatannya harus
belajar huruf Braille sebagai perbandingannya. Tapi tidak dengan otak.
Ketajamannya tetap konstan. Orang dewasa mempunyai kosa kata yang lebih
luas dan pembelajar yang jauh lebih baik dari pada anak-anak. Saya telah
belajar 4 bahasa sejak saya berumur 55 tahun. Orang dewasa hanya perlu
semangat anak-anak untuk berexperimen dan keinginan yang besar utk
berkomunikasi tanpa takut terlihat konyol.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Untuk belajar bahasa diperlukan ruang kelas yang formal.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Ini
sangatlah penting dalam hal ini. Ruang kelas mungkin lebih ekonomis dan
tempat yang tepat untuk bertemu dengan murid lainnya. Terdapat bobot
sejarah dan tradisi di dalam kebiasaan ini. Sayangnya ruang kelas
menjadi tidak efisien dalam kegiatan belajar bahasa. Semakin banyak
murid semakin tidak efisien kegiatan ajar mengajarnya. Bahasa tidak bisa
hanya diajarkan namun juga harus dipelajari. Penjelasan secara struktur
teoritikal kadang sukar untuk dimengerti, sulit untuk diingat dan
makinlah susah untuk dipraktikan. Pengulangan dan latihan sangat
menjengkelkan untuk beberapa orang. Mayoritas lulusan sekolah anak-anak
tidak dapat menggunakan bahasa yang yang mereka pelajari selama 10
tahun.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Kita perlu berbicara agar dapat belajar (dan kita tidak mempunyai partner untuk itu)</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Menggunakan
bahasa yang dipelajari adalah goal utamanya, namun itu bisa menunggu.
Sesudah kita menguasai suatu bahasa, kita akan menemukan kesempatan
untuk menggunakannya. Pada saat kita belajar bahasa adalah sangat
penting untuk mendengarkan. Menggunakan penggalan-penggalan yang kita
pikir “berguna” justru akan membuat kita terjebak dalam kesulitan.
Apabila bertemu dengan seorang Native speaker, akan tidak dapat
terhindarkan kita menghabiskan waktu hanya untuk mendengarkan. Kecuali
kalau kita sudah mahir. Kita tidak perlu berbicara untuk belajar, kita
perlu menyimak untuk belajar berbicara. </span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ecxMsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 13.2533321380615px;"> </span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Saya ingin belajar namun saya tidak punya waktu.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Bagaimana
kalau kita menggunakan waktu yang terbuang saat kita menunggu antrian,
perjalanan pulang pergi kerja, melakukan kerjaan di sekitar rumah atau
sekedar jalan-jalan dengan mendengarkan suatu pelajaran bahasa di iPod
atau MP3 player kita ? sekali kita mencoba 5 sampai 10 menit sehari,
kemudian bisa sampai 30 menit sehari. Kalo kita percaya akan mencapai
suatu hasil dan kita menikmatinya, seperti saya, anda pasti akan
menemukan waktu untuk itu.</span></div>
<div class="ecxMsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21.2999992370605px; margin-bottom: 1.35em; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Silahkan terus mengikuti tips dan motivasi untuk mencapai target belajar bahasa anda.</span></div>
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.2999992370605px;">Datang dan ‘Like’ halaman Facebook saya buat yang belajar Bhs Inggris di </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11.5pt; line-height: 17.6333332061768px;"><a href="http://facebook.com/mylanguagevillage" style="color: #0068cf; cursor: pointer; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 21.7733325958252px;" target="_blank"><span style="color: #888888; line-height: 17.6333332061768px; text-decoration: none;">facebook.com/mylanguagevillage</span></a></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11.5pt; line-height: 17.6333332061768px;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11.5pt; line-height: 17.6333332061768px;">atau berlangganan di blog saya untuk hal-hal terbaru. </span>Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-28517997886118954342015-09-09T19:24:00.000-07:002015-09-09T19:31:44.515-07:00Misconceptions on Learning a Foreign Language<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://change-lives-together.blogspot.com/2015/09/misconceptions-Ind.html" target="_blank">Untuk versi Bahasa Indonesia klik desini</a></div>
<br />
Many Indonesians feel that they have no "talent" for language or that they are too "old" to learn English well now.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgmCtMFUELTF17Ojbm1QUsxT58iYeCgJmJA8wHaDnUIRR2ksN7D8YaMVgz4GA2G_z6azVmXvYiioVwNnWDQQDfAr5QhF1P75498itHQnUthU5jANZwT9nNWuKYWup-_pidkjKA6iz_8wzQ/s1600/LearnEnglish.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgmCtMFUELTF17Ojbm1QUsxT58iYeCgJmJA8wHaDnUIRR2ksN7D8YaMVgz4GA2G_z6azVmXvYiioVwNnWDQQDfAr5QhF1P75498itHQnUthU5jANZwT9nNWuKYWup-_pidkjKA6iz_8wzQ/s400/LearnEnglish.jpg" /></a>I believe that you are never too old to learn a
foreign language. In fact Adult learners posses many resources in
learning a foreign language that younger learners don't.<br />
<br />
Examples are:<br />
<br />
1. The ability to read<br />
<br />
2. More world experience (i.e. greater context for contextual learning)<br />
<br />
3. Understanding of tactics (very young learners don't use tactics so much but "go with the flow")<br />
<br />
4. Wider vocabulary in mother tongue usually means many similar words in target language<br />
<br />
5. Ability to independently search out language partners
And many more.<br />
<br />
<b> The following is an excerpt of an
article written on the subject by Steve Kaufman</b> on some common
misconceptions people have about learning another language:<br />
<br />
1. Language learning is difficult<br />
<br />
It
is only difficult to learn a language if you don’t want to. Learning a
language takes time, but is not difficult. You mostly need to listen and
read. Believe me, it is that simple. I have done it many times. Soon
you feel the satisfaction of understanding another language. Before you
know it you start speaking. It is the way languages are usually taught
that makes language learning hard to like.<br />
<br />
2. You have to have a gift for learning languages<br />
<br />
No
you don’t. Anyone who wants to, can learn. In Sweden and Holland most
people speak more than one language. They can’t just all be gifted at
languages. Foreign athletes in North America usually learn to speak
English faster than people in more formal learning environments. In
language learning it is attitude, not aptitude, that determines success.<br />
<br />
3. You have to live where the language is spoken<br />
<br />
Some
immigrants to North America never learn to speak more than halting
English. Yet we meet people in other countries who speak flawless
English. In 1968, I learned to speak Mandarin fluently while living in
Hong Kong, where few people spoke it. With the Internet, language
content is available to anyone with a computer, and you can download it
to your iPod and listen. Where you live is not an obstacle.<br />
<br />
4. Only children can learn to speak another language well<br />
<br />
Recent
brain research has demonstrated that our brains remain plastic well
into old age. Adults who lose their eyesight have to learn a new
language, braille, for example. Adults have a wide vocabulary in their
own language and are better language learners than children. I have
learned 4 languages since the age of 55. Adults only need the child’s
willingness to experiment and desire to communicate, without the fear of
ridicule.<br />
<br />
5. To learn a language you need formal classroom instruction<br />
<br />
This
is the crux of the problem. Classrooms may be economical to run and a
great place to meet others. They have the weight of history and
tradition behind them. Unfortunately, a classroom is an inefficient
place to learn a language. The more students in the class, the more
inefficient it is. Languages cannot be taught, they can only be learned.
Theoretical grammatical explanations are hard to understand, hard to
remember, and even harder to use. Drills and exercises are annoying to
most people. A majority of school kids graduate unable to communicate in
languages that they study for 10 or more years.<br />
<br />
6. You need to speak in order to learn (and I have nobody to speak to)<br />
<br />
Speaking
the language is usually the goal of language learning, but speaking can
wait. Once you have acquired the language, you will find the
opportunity to speak. When you are learning the language it is more
important to listen. Trying to just pick up a few “handy” phrases to say
is likely to just get you into trouble. If you meet a native speaker,
you will inevitably spend most of your time listening unless you already
know the language. You do not need to speak in order to learn, you need
to learn in order to speak.<br />
<br />
7. I would love to learn but I don’t have the time<br />
<br />
How
about the time you spend waiting in line, commuting, doing things
around the house, going for a walk? Why not use that time to listen to a
language on your iPod? Once you get started, even 10 or 15 minutes a
day will soon grow to 30 minutes a day, or one hour. If you believe you
will achieve significant results, and if you enjoy doing it, as I do,
you will find the time.<br />
<br />
Please stay tuned for more tips and motivation to achieve your language learning goals.<br />
<br />
Visit and like my facebook page for learners at <a href="http://facebook.com/mylanguagevillage">facebook.com/mylanguagevillage</a> or subscribe to the blog for regular updates.Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-49495425820124120862015-04-20T19:23:00.000-07:002015-04-20T20:05:20.802-07:00China the land of Silk, Tea and English Centres<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAO1wqOE7pA6CFf1GLOOXKaUTgEb_EBES9EASMlRpsUmHjh57rT_iEvHZ2UOcrU5OgDzWIiAoQ3QU7nwuNbVMlSom5j0G1g1luMOFtchjlfNccaxKY30zgR40A1r-qU2guYD2evxKjkhGg/s1600/Wuhan+4th+grade.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAO1wqOE7pA6CFf1GLOOXKaUTgEb_EBES9EASMlRpsUmHjh57rT_iEvHZ2UOcrU5OgDzWIiAoQ3QU7nwuNbVMlSom5j0G1g1luMOFtchjlfNccaxKY30zgR40A1r-qU2guYD2evxKjkhGg/s1600/Wuhan+4th+grade.jpg" height="141" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Students Learning English in Wuhan.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
I greatly admire the Chinese resolve.<br />
<br />
Not only in work, migration, friendship, family and business but also in studying. They are (in general) extremely diligent students. I've taught Chinese Indonesians before, was schooled alongside Chinese natives in Australia and have many Chinese friends. More recently too I've started to see the mammoth rise in demand for English in China just continue growing.<br />
<br />
English centers are sprouting up all across the country, children start studying English many times at the age of 4. The US licensed institute Disney English now has hundreds of centres in China and they aren't even the biggest. The New Oriental English course is said to have 324 learning centres and schools in China. The entire English tuition industry is said to be worth over USD 3.1 Billion.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJar-ZmX489TRsvbCE4aWueUoHzzcPCdWYL1k9VPZDKOF27RWmDFvcU8GlPwb0l271YUkweIKwIiEK_c0ThDjOIX4NBj-UotYqrAHFH1gm9M9UQ35-GZaG2z-iQxtlEd1mq5cpN9sXwoTk/s1600/Chinglish+t-shirt.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJar-ZmX489TRsvbCE4aWueUoHzzcPCdWYL1k9VPZDKOF27RWmDFvcU8GlPwb0l271YUkweIKwIiEK_c0ThDjOIX4NBj-UotYqrAHFH1gm9M9UQ35-GZaG2z-iQxtlEd1mq5cpN9sXwoTk/s1600/Chinglish+t-shirt.jpg" height="123" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Even with difficulties<br />
the Chinese still try their best.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Every year more than 10 Million students take the Gau Kau College entrance exam. The exam lasts 3 days itself but many students spend 3 years with 12 hours a day preparing for it. In this mighty exam where literally the future of millions of young Chinese rests 25% of the score is based on English competency. Meaning if you cant speak English you will equivalently fail in the eyes of the top universities.<br />
<br />
Fail to get into a local university? International Universities have even more stringent English exams for entrance, unless you are prepared to put in a year or two of expensive pre-university English study in the host country, which is what many overseas students do every year.<br />
<br />
So English is really a game changer for Chinese students. That doesn't mean it isn't for the rest of students studying English as a foreign language but it does mean the Chinese are stepping up their game and realise the importance of this global language in such a dynamic international economy.<br />
<br />
Unfortunately English is not cheap. EF (Education First) estimated in 2010 that there were just 5,000 Native English Speaking Teachers (NEST) with valid work visas at that time in China, with an estimated 300 Million students looking to learn English. That means 60,000 students for every NEST. Of course not all those students study with a Native but most Chinese students and parents still believe a NEST is better and would opt for one if they had the choice, access and means.<br />
<br />
The above means that local English teachers (nNESTs) have to bear the responsibility of preparing those 300 Million students for a promising future. Teachers like Li Yang the founder of Crazy English who is perhaps the most financially successful English teacher in the world. He sometimes teaches stadiums full of students in intensive camps and courses that last weeks with full days of study.<br />
<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicr98OmHx9Q3jCYYkpkemZZ-34QxJ2nFckv4lZFgrc0zR8MOjNOOuumxvxfAIoLzCLtskfDESddLWSxHx7siBmWssqhW8Yrq1GKf-hf7FF6qo3cbG_gGDI_-X1hBpBnpQMjXxuqUehejiN/s1600/Crazy+English.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicr98OmHx9Q3jCYYkpkemZZ-34QxJ2nFckv4lZFgrc0zR8MOjNOOuumxvxfAIoLzCLtskfDESddLWSxHx7siBmWssqhW8Yrq1GKf-hf7FF6qo3cbG_gGDI_-X1hBpBnpQMjXxuqUehejiN/s1600/Crazy+English.jpg" height="125" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Li Yang teaching a class.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Why do you ask is English such a big deal in China? Isn't Mandarin supposed to be the next 'International Language'?<br />
<br />
Well despite Mandarin being very useful to learn if you plan to do business in China, it's unlikely it will be the next 'International Language'. English is the first ever truly International Language, there has never been an International Language established like English has been and there is now perhaps not a country on earth where students are not expected to at least have some command of this International Language. Even in North Korea, the most shut of country in the world next to Myanmar the students are all required to learn English.<br />
<br />
This means that even if the apparent economical and military superiority of the USA subsides English will still be here to stay, simply because it's already there.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3CXzYup6nXh8Yp6kzzdUW7gtUO0xQIoPyv8f76Q9MeGlc3TNISmgZFWMlVB_GLDXO35-2_Tr2RncHY2sRpBLPskaH6l3oJND5lI-VMPZdAz7gu7gKePZBzWRSeQC-QYwymq06E6Ilg2Ed/s1600/Chinese-Kids-Napping-During-A-Class1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3CXzYup6nXh8Yp6kzzdUW7gtUO0xQIoPyv8f76Q9MeGlc3TNISmgZFWMlVB_GLDXO35-2_Tr2RncHY2sRpBLPskaH6l3oJND5lI-VMPZdAz7gu7gKePZBzWRSeQC-QYwymq06E6Ilg2Ed/s1600/Chinese-Kids-Napping-During-A-Class1.jpg" height="144" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Chinese students taking a nap.<br />
They can study for up to 16 hours a day.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
So the Chinese are on the ball. They know what needs to be done to succeed and they are going about doing it, whether it takes 12,14 or even 16 hours of study a day they will succeed at any cost.<br />
<br />
What does this mean for the rest of Asia and the rest of the world of ESLers (People learning English as a second/foreign language)?<br />
<br />
It means that we better pick up our game if we are going to succeed. A global economy means a competitive economy. The students in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand will not only be competing against the school next door for jobs and business but they will also be competing with people from all over the world. Now with the upcoming New ASEAN work and trade agreement English has become more essential than ever. Unfortunately our schools, education departments and even parents are late to catch onto the changing climate.<br />
<br />
Before English was a plus, now it's a must!<br />
<br />
Even in countries like India where the education system was largely modeled off the British and English is felt to be a familiar language, employees who speak good English will earn an average of 30% more than their equally skilled counterparts. In Indonesia I have no idea of the exact figures but from what I can see from my friends and coworkers it is probably the same or greater.<br />
<br />
Also more often now, a lack of English skills is becoming a barrier to securing decent employment. With an increase in qualified individuals due to the rising amount of University enrollments employers can be more picky when selecting candidates, English is now often a basic criteria to filter applicants. Which means in the future you may not even be able to get an interview without good English skills.<br />
<br />
I write this article as a reminder to this pressing challenge we all have before us. As teachers, parents and students. A better English education for all means a fairer playing field. Lets promote the better study of English and help the current and next generation succeed in this challenging market with so many dedicated and diligent competitors.<br />
<br />
Until next time...<br />
<br />
...try and change some lives!<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxBOxEghlGINOoELsl2IiqKJowhELxhvx21-6PqKtw9X2GoQcsU-V0xjQ8TZy7hpazcDothnPIWqOfSjU3nof616bGpiH7GpoQRIUGIh1ugpiNp5a3YGrc6KxLNBBrmVv2GfUlVQUDtxqr/s1600/hope.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxBOxEghlGINOoELsl2IiqKJowhELxhvx21-6PqKtw9X2GoQcsU-V0xjQ8TZy7hpazcDothnPIWqOfSjU3nof616bGpiH7GpoQRIUGIh1ugpiNp5a3YGrc6KxLNBBrmVv2GfUlVQUDtxqr/s1600/hope.png" height="472" width="640" /></a>Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-14294423901360096292014-11-23T17:16:00.000-08:002014-11-23T17:16:38.088-08:00Happy National Teachers Day<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyHgz3_qp2J7jFhOX6eVaxfGNCwKgyUs-AA6NGHoFQlL81fbV5bP5nXxBYdGx84Af9C93Clto2MX8lCnLNsrjiUU4m23Q9IhwBGxUNxZleA3vsPvnPumTlL-ctpeuxXGobklJSK-swJdZo/s1600/teachers-day.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyHgz3_qp2J7jFhOX6eVaxfGNCwKgyUs-AA6NGHoFQlL81fbV5bP5nXxBYdGx84Af9C93Clto2MX8lCnLNsrjiUU4m23Q9IhwBGxUNxZleA3vsPvnPumTlL-ctpeuxXGobklJSK-swJdZo/s1600/teachers-day.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
What a great idea, to have a day especially to appreciate all the teachers who have poured into our lives and chose making us better, as their way of life.</div>
<div>
Think about where we would be without them, think about where society would be without them!</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But today there are many people who will go through their day not remembering the great impact that others have made to our life by taking the time to teach us.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Many people have taught us in our lives:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li>Parents</li>
<li>Siblings</li>
<li>Friends</li>
<li>Mentors (both formal and informal)</li>
<li>Kind strangers (maybe teaching us how to change a Tyre)</li>
<li>People who post videos onto youtube, write books, make documentaries, movies or blog</li>
</ul>
<div>
There are countless people that we have to thank for what we know today. For knowledge and lessons are our great slaves which carry us to where we want to go in this hour, this day, this life.</div>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Take a moment to reflect and think about all the people who have taken the time to teach you, maybe write down some names and if you want (and they are still living) write them a little note thanking them for the difference they have made! </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Until next time keep shining, sharing and succeeding by changing lives together!</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
In kindness,</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
-Hugh</div>
Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-48860934338877979852014-11-16T23:20:00.000-08:002014-11-16T23:20:04.778-08:00Challenges of Creating an English Environment on CampusHi Guys,<br />
<br />
Ever been asked to create an English environment at your school, office or club? How did you find it? Did everybody come on board with enthusiasm? If so did that enthusiasm last? Or did you find people sabotaged their own best efforts by getting out of their habit before they even got into it?<br />
<br />
During the past 6 years I've been working to create English learning environments in schools and institutes around Jakarta, Indonesia. Usually I'm given all the main ingredients you would dream of for such a program.<br />
<br />
1. Support from the board of directors (they are the ones who asked for the program)<br />
<br />
2. Enough teachers around the campus who speak English easily (some schools/institutes had more than others depending on the recruitment process)<br />
<br />
3. Enough Students who already had a good level of English<br />
<br />
So what could go wrong right?<br />
<br />
It seems like if these were the main factors we needed and we had them there shouldn't be any problem, but in reality there are many other factors to consider and there are no two schools the same.<br />
<br />
In this article I wanted to share with you some of those factors that I've found slows down the transition to an English Environment.<br />
<br />
<b><u>Synergy</u></b><br />
<b><u><br /></u></b>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC3ga0m1XuZdnazHeHkWTD-8rfLjekjYFlOpRb3XZJRJ5Dw67HqZUurZkU6MUeIGr85cvrq4bHoN5LySGjwUBNNZXbwd-l-01cZWcQAAhLrP1BlZWqYuy191BZ02Tdr_0GQtz6K5Cpm0as/s1600/synergy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC3ga0m1XuZdnazHeHkWTD-8rfLjekjYFlOpRb3XZJRJ5Dw67HqZUurZkU6MUeIGr85cvrq4bHoN5LySGjwUBNNZXbwd-l-01cZWcQAAhLrP1BlZWqYuy191BZ02Tdr_0GQtz6K5Cpm0as/s1600/synergy.jpg" height="205" width="320" /></a></div>
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A buzz word in people management theory it may sound cliche but really there is nothing more important than synergy to make a program work.<br />
<br />
If students see an inconsistency in the way teachers and staff try to carry out the program before you know it they will have worked out how much effort they should put in around different teachers. Usually if the synergy is bad teachers with high motivation and commitment will usually just be avoided by the students around campus. I'll mention this a few times in this article <b>students are great observers, they can work out the loopholes in your plan before you even realize they are there.</b><br />
<br />
An example:<br />
<br />
When first launching the program at one school we found some teachers reminded students to speak English on campus but most didn't. The students themselves found Bahasa Indonesia the easier language so they kept testing the teachers to see how long they would continue to remind them for. Before long the teachers who had been in the habit of "reminding" gave up because of lack of support from their coworkers (they felt they were chasing their tail) and because they didn't see any immediate results with the students.<br />
<br />
Take away points:<br />
<br />
1. The team must be in it together for better or worse, choose one course and stick to it together<br />
<br />
2. There should be a degree of patience involved<br />
<br />
3. Regular follow up meetings should be made to have teachers think of solutions together<br />
<br />
<br />
<b><u>Loopholes</u></b><br />
<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ_PaNK2Vgp-dOu3Ql4es1e-nx3PGjSlaOPXo5Ht5Nl09hsUf-UORI5FjI-WSdesAi_dhd_M2HlKu8IiGHCwHeyTzvlj8EbV6nxltYTAas9-fLwk1lGME-mTSQzTGMsww9E793p8fs42Fl/s1600/Loophole.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ_PaNK2Vgp-dOu3Ql4es1e-nx3PGjSlaOPXo5Ht5Nl09hsUf-UORI5FjI-WSdesAi_dhd_M2HlKu8IiGHCwHeyTzvlj8EbV6nxltYTAas9-fLwk1lGME-mTSQzTGMsww9E793p8fs42Fl/s1600/Loophole.jpg" height="200" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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The next factor is loopholes. If there are loopholes in your environment the students will find them and abuse them. The hardest thing when starting a new habit or facing a new challenge is the beginning. Too often if there are many loopholes you will find people never begin.<br /><br />I will give you a metaphor:<br />
<br />
<i>Let's say you were given the choice of two roads to pass a mountain range. A tunnel or the windy road that went up close to the peaks? Of course the tunnel is quicker and if you took that way everyday you would surely take the tunnel as it's much quicker and less effort.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>Let's say on day the tunnel is blocked and you are forced to take the scenic route, no doubt while on it you would experience and learn more that going through the tunnel. Your life would be better for it.</i><br />
<br />
Now in many cases for students their L1 (Indonesian) is the tunnel and the L2 (English) is the scenic route, if you give them an option between the two they will of course choose the former. So you have to close the tunnel in some way.<br />
<br />
An example:<br />
<br />
For two years one school made everywhere an English Zone except to the Musholla (prayer room). When the students saw a teacher coming they would dash into the prayer room as quick as they could so they wouldn't get in trouble for speaking Indonesian. They chose to run instead of speaking English because it was easier for them.<br />
<br />
Take away points:<br />
<br />
1. Close the tunnel<br />
<br />
2. Make sure your regulations are not full of loopholes<br />
<br />
<b><u>Middle Management</u></b><br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0Yyc55ZSlI6_zrkppy3J5P5GYMrubHRd_Qk3C3U19cj4CsnzesajuxnDMT-h3mt2JDVQF6jGdrj1Jl034J-hfgusVndLcBtbH4SEuSNYbsu6kdbgrCqZUSrMlHsJw8bVzW37wAOsgZjgX/s1600/high20school20principal20illustration2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0Yyc55ZSlI6_zrkppy3J5P5GYMrubHRd_Qk3C3U19cj4CsnzesajuxnDMT-h3mt2JDVQF6jGdrj1Jl034J-hfgusVndLcBtbH4SEuSNYbsu6kdbgrCqZUSrMlHsJw8bVzW37wAOsgZjgX/s1600/high20school20principal20illustration2.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
If you have a few people trying to undermine the new program or who are slow to pull their socks up this is normal. If however those people are in any level of management it can be fatal. Middle Management such as Principals, Vice Principals, Administrators and Coordinators must lead by example if the program is to work. If you have been assigned to set up a program and you see that the "leading by example" is not there. It is crucial that you speak personally with the person involved and if you still don't see any improvement the board of directors may have to give more direct instructions and clarity of expectations to their Middle Management.<br />
<br />
<br />
All in all if you are being put in charge of helping set up an English Environment I can't give you one formula that will work, as every school is unique. But taking care of the above and keeping yourself adaptable, communicative and persistent will take you a long way in your efforts.<br />
<br />
Until next time, good luck and let's change some lives!<br />
<br />
In kindness,<br />
<br />
<br />
-Hugh Elliott<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<b><u><br /></u></b>
<br />Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-59768498587459706292014-03-27T00:15:00.001-07:002014-03-27T00:15:19.501-07:00Teaching Reading<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2u13umcZQKVco7-2n7XOYGLbqiGaxuVgtA8ZR2GSzhuJHLRvWT9u3Bu9SLp6cufea2GJWIhTudRL58KrsH_UOyqyM_LeadL5fVcwFsOwQjZwLtqwl4tCPYOKm_a8uX5HBKLdn2JCMoiry/s1600/HOT+Pic+2+Reading.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2u13umcZQKVco7-2n7XOYGLbqiGaxuVgtA8ZR2GSzhuJHLRvWT9u3Bu9SLp6cufea2GJWIhTudRL58KrsH_UOyqyM_LeadL5fVcwFsOwQjZwLtqwl4tCPYOKm_a8uX5HBKLdn2JCMoiry/s1600/HOT+Pic+2+Reading.png" height="400" width="183" /></a><span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{0}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">Some thoughts on teaching reading from my own experience.<br /><br />Give a variety of activities to make sure the students are engaged. Basic structure could be:</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{3}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{4}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">1. Pre-reading activities:</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{7}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{8}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">Including A discussion for engagement, Vocabulary that may be encountered, prediction activity, questions to look for</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{11}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{12}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">2. Reading activities:</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{15}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{16}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">Main idea, discussing the prediction, reading it and highlighting any hard words, exercises to practice skimming and scanning (google reading skills) such as sequencing, reordering, information race etc. Read for details and discuss/practice particular phrases.</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{19}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{20}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">3. Post reading activities:</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{23}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{24}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">Questions both 1. to confirm comprehension and 2. to promote discussion and HOT (High Order Thinking).</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{27}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{28}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">Fill in the blanks to demonstrate vocabulary comprehension.</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{31}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{32}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">Speaking activities with specific grammar points from the article i.e. POP Grammar.</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{35}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{36}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">There is a sequence that you could use.</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{39}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{40}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">Previously I used to mix suggestopedia techniques with conventional "skills based" techniques for my reading focus lessons. </span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{43}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{44}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">An example of what I used to do is:</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{47}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{48}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">1. Engagement and vocabulary introduction</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{51}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{52}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">2. Short discussion</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{55}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{56}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">3. Relaxation and a comfortable reading from me in a natural pace with good expression.</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{59}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{60}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">4. Second reading together with the students looking at the page.</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{63}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{64}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">5. Questioning to develop skimming and scanning skills</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{67}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{68}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">6. Highlighting hard words</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{71}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{72}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">7. Answering questions both Comprehension and opinion based</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{75}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{76}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">8. Group discussions</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{79}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{80}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">9. Moving into speaking activities or writing activities depending on the focus</span><br />
<br data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{83}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;" />
<span data-reactid=".r[5x].[1][3][1]{comment448262831967303_448692168591036}[0].[0].{right}.[0].{left}.[0].[0].[0][3].[0].{end}[0]{84}[0]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; line-height: 12.799999237060547px;">Hope that can give you some ideas of what to do in your class! <span class="emoticon emoticon_smile" style="background-image: url(https://fbstatic-a.akamaihd.net/rsrc.php/v2/yN/r/ODFMGIzhQi5.png); background-position: -270px -804px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; background-size: 314px 840px; display: inline-block; height: 16px; vertical-align: top; width: 16px;" title=":)"></span></span>Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-85878689087993823382013-10-20T20:46:00.000-07:002013-10-20T20:46:01.050-07:00Power Teaching, Become a Powerful Teacher!<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiswxNF7_b6PoYIt_KoBmldKXWsST9np9JUjwYEvwUZTUktUkURto8sxIIQQRuoFK4mFVF4QED95_qdylKOHvKA7piED4ACeuIb6TrX1B6i4dxjKoznLn2RASZYgsl99Kfgg29ZFU2P39DH/s1600/challenging-classrooms.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiswxNF7_b6PoYIt_KoBmldKXWsST9np9JUjwYEvwUZTUktUkURto8sxIIQQRuoFK4mFVF4QED95_qdylKOHvKA7piED4ACeuIb6TrX1B6i4dxjKoznLn2RASZYgsl99Kfgg29ZFU2P39DH/s1600/challenging-classrooms.gif" /></a><br />
Hi there,<br />
<br />
There has been a little talk recently about Power Teaching or Whole Brain Learning, a set of teaching <br />
techniques developed by some teachers in California.<br />
<br />
I myself have used some of these techniques and have shared them with a lot of other teachers who have seen great results.<br />
<br />
Most of the techniques are pretty much common sense but by putting them in a memorable and organized format like the team at wholebrainteaching.com have we can only benefit.<br />
<br />
So today I want to give you a run down of some of the techniques from WBT that I have used and which I've found good.<br />
<br />
<b><u>5 RULES</u></b><br />
<br />
One of the strategies they talk about in WBT is have just a few class rules that are understood by all students and applied at all times. The special feature of the rules that WBT suggest is that they are pretty all encompassing.<br />
<br />
Rule 1: Follow directions quickly<br />
<br />
Rule 2: Raise your hand if you want to speak<br />
<br />
Rule 3: Raise your hand if you want to leave your chair<br />
<br />
Rule 4: Make smart choices<br />
<br />
Rule 5: Make your dear teacher happy (this is a rule that encompasses all rules really)<br />
<br />
Each rule has an action that goes with it and the rules and the actions are rehearsed at the beginning of the lesson/school day.<br />
<br />
A modification I made was to add a rule "Remember that this is an English Zone!" for the immersion program.<br /><br />If a student was to break one of the rules you could very quickly call out their name and the number of the rule e.g. "Ticka, Rule 3!" After which the student has to straight away repeat the rule and the action thus internalizing that they have overstepped the boundaries of the classroom.<br />
<br />
I find only having a few rules and actions that go along with them a great idea. For subject teachers if the rule is to be applied across levels (uniformity) it is also very useful as during the short amount of time they have with the students each week there can automatically be a very clear understanding of the behaviour that is expected during the lesson.<br />
<br />
Another power teaching technique I've found good is<br />
<br />
<b><u>Teach-Okay!</u></b><br />
<br />
In it's basic form Teach-Okay! is a way to make introduction time more interactive. Instead of the students just passively listening to the introduction they are preparing to teach/relay what they have just heard from the teacher to their friend next to them.<br />
<br />
What I am more impressed with though is what this habit eventually leads to, which is a more student-led classroom. For simple routine activities in the teaching-learning process the teacher gradually hands over the reins to the students, having competent students come up sometimes to lead the lesson. Seeing videos of this in action I had a warm fussy feeling inside realizing that students as young as primary age could have such a degree of autonomy and confidence.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/FhvaDFwmfBY?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />
<br />
<b><u>CONSENSUS </u></b><br />
<br />
Another great technique and one that cuts down on teacher correction time is having the students reach consensus on the correct answer. Some training and practice is needed to have the students properly be able to apply this technique but once they have got it sorted it's going to be a much more powerful and functional way for students to learn from their mistakes and experience a more student focused approach. Of course one of the coolest aspects is it's going to take a lot of pressure off the teacher to correct endless answer sheets (like a robot).<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/Rp38JjygZH8?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />
<br />
<b><u>RECALLS</u></b><br />
<br />
Most veteran teachers of younger learners are no stranger to recalls. They are also very useful for older students as well. A couple of the recalls I've found useful from WBT are:<br />
<br />
Teacher: Class = Students: Yes! (just to get their attention)<br />
<br />
Teacher: Hands and Eyes = Students: [all sit nicely with their hands on the table (or their lap) and their eyes towards the teacher] I've introduced the students replying "Knees and shoulders!" with actions before sitting nicely and quietly ready to pay attention.<br />
<br />
For one of the big attractions for these techniques is if teachers for a whole level can get together and agree on commands and a system for discipline and assisting the learning process then it will be much easier for the teachers and the students to understand and apply.<br />
<br />
So if you don't already use some similar techniques in your classroom and are finding classroom management a challenge, why not try some of the WBT techniques today? There are a lot more that you can find at <a href="http://www.wholebrainteaching.com%20/" target="_blank">http://www.wholebrainteaching.com </a> and don't feel shy to ask you workmates what techniques they use to control their classrooms and assist the learning process!<br />
<br />
Hope you are having a great week. Don't forget to keep shining, sharing and changing lives!<br />
<br />
In kindness,<br />
<br />
-Hugh<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br /><br />
<br />
<br />Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-33325353941881612152013-05-13T02:11:00.000-07:002013-05-13T02:13:50.958-07:00More than can be measured<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4L8KuI_ZwoJqiNg3pyM0bSm4kjC6gm4sEEhc1MuOQ3TBcUWeixgniED7yckdi-s1oBAgyoiCs2-r-obVLU7VIwgt6KohwZzc5886Zqg9g58PEg7vMRDmxI0Ts6yILVrwki52R4JGyS478/s1600/subconscious.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4L8KuI_ZwoJqiNg3pyM0bSm4kjC6gm4sEEhc1MuOQ3TBcUWeixgniED7yckdi-s1oBAgyoiCs2-r-obVLU7VIwgt6KohwZzc5886Zqg9g58PEg7vMRDmxI0Ts6yILVrwki52R4JGyS478/s1600/subconscious.jpg" /></a>Hi There,<br />
<br />
I'm writing this today to start to synthesize a very large pool of knowledge. If there is one thing I hope you can take away from reading this article it is that our own realization of our potential has only begun. I hope that reading this article will help you start see yourself and those around you as individuals with limitless potential if you haven't already begun to do so.<br />
<br />
Want to get higher test scores? Let's start by looking a little at tests as goals!<br />
<br />
<b>IQ is not of a set quantity</b>. The IQ test is just a vague measuring tool that is over 100 years old and is used to measure intelligence.<br />
<br />
This is what Alfred Binet the creator of the IQ test back in 1905 said "...[it] does not permit the measure of intelligence, because intellectual qualities are not superposable, and therefore cannot be measured as linear surfaces are measured." He also said that a persons IQ is <b>not of a fixed quantity</b>.<br />
<br />
This leads us to the question, if the creator of the IQ test said it couldn't measure intelligence why did he create it in the first place?<br />
<br />
The answer is of course he didn't create it to measure intelligence, he created it as a <b>diagnostic tool.</b><br />
<br />
Yet many still use it as a measuring tool! I saw one we known school in Jakarta that even had an Elite Class and the sole determiner of whether or not a student received entry into that Elite Class was IQ.<br />
<br />
Want to raise your IQ test score? Just buy this book <a href="http://www.amazon.com/The-Complete-Book-Intelligence-Tests/dp/0470017732/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1367321632&sr=8-3&keywords=IQ+test">http://www.amazon.com/The-Complete-Book-Intelligence-Tests/dp/0470017732/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1367321632&sr=8-3&keywords=IQ+test</a> or any book full of exercises similar to the exercises used in the IQ test. You'll raise your IQ! Simple! This is nothing new, my father did it back in his college years. He wasn't happy with his IQ test score so he bought a similar book, worked hard on understanding and training for the test and yes got a much better score.<br />
<br />
Does this mean he was smarter or more intelligent after getting a better score? Of course not! It just meant he could better sit the test.<br />
<br />
<b>The IQ test is a good example of tests in general</b> in the sense that we are diagnosing the amount of knowledge or ability obtained by the individual in certain areas. Teaching for tests is then akin to a doctor receiving a patient and after "testing" him gives him a score (kudos to Ken Robinson for this example). Does this cure the illness? No! Does it benefit the patient? Of course not! So if it's ridiculous for you to go to a doctor for a 'score' it should be equally ridiculous for us to make scoring well in tests the goal of education.<br />
<br />
Ridiculous as it may be, this is the habit we have fallen into in our educational institutions. We should really keep reminding ourselves what the goals of education are in the first place. It certainly isn't to arm our future citizens with a bunch of numbers to wave around.<br />
<br />
Here's a list of goals to ponder about (taken from '<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">Big Picture' </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 18px;">by Dennis Littky and Samantha Grabelle)</span>:<br />
<br />
<br />
<ul class="disc" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 12px; list-style: none !important; margin: 3px 0px 6px 6px; padding: 0px;">
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">be lifelong learners</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">be passionate</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">be ready to take risks</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">be able to problem-solve and think critically</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">be able to look at things differently</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">be able to work independently and with others</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">be creative</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">care and want to give back to their community</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">persevere</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">have integrity and self-respect</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">have moral courage</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">be able to use the world around them well</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;">speak well, write well, read well, and work well with numbers</li>
<li style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.ascd.org/Portals/_default/Skins/SiteASCD2/images/bullet_circular_black.png) !important; background-position: 7px 10px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: none !important; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 0px 3px 24px; text-align: left;"><b>truly enjoy their life and their work.</b></li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
None of these goals include "getting good scores" because <b>scores are only something we should use to help diagnose how well the individual is travelling towards goals like those listed above.</b><br />
<br />
So how does this all relate to limitless potential?<br />
<br />
If we only teach what we can test, we are limiting our students potential. If we only study what we can recall on demand, we are limiting our own potential. The mind is a far superior tool than we give it credit for. I will give you a few examples.<br />
<br />
In a university workshop on memory tactics a group of students were asked to memorize some pictures flashing onto the screen. The issue here wasn't only the number of the pictures but the speed. Approximately 100 pictures were flashed in a period of only 30 seconds or so. Of course the students laughed and proclaimed that this was a impossible task. Yet when shown pairs of pictures at slower speeds (one being of the pictures they saw before along side a new picture) they had little problem getting a high success rate in picking out the one they had seen before. This shows the huge power of the subconscious. Even though they couldn't consciously recall the pictures when asked, their subconscious had still registered them.<br />
<br />
This is only the tip of the iceberg, through recent developments in neuroscience we are starting to realize the true learning potential of our minds. We are starting to pick up at why so many alternative learning methods 'felt so right' it's because most of them were in so many more ways than we ever realized.<br />
<br />
If we can start to consider more the whole human being and the whole human experience in learning then we can start to truly realize the vast possibilities of human potential.<br />
<br />
Looking forward to exploring this more with you soon!<br />
<br />
Kindest regards,<br />
<br />
-Hugh<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-1887382674561158472013-03-16T04:00:00.003-07:002013-03-16T04:00:42.818-07:00Bilingual Schools in Indonesia<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hi there,</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6cW3alMWrgS_nkuu4lELEFxUIS0qKwduT3HqcmQK-KQFOn00iKQXTHrLlECTR2h7lb_o9beRRFkr0dz98Pg5iSzxjIQZofEGqJdFbZ4mPAk2tjwh1vvp6g4MEGTdog4p0lh3H5YogUtCB/s1600/islamic-education.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6cW3alMWrgS_nkuu4lELEFxUIS0qKwduT3HqcmQK-KQFOn00iKQXTHrLlECTR2h7lb_o9beRRFkr0dz98Pg5iSzxjIQZofEGqJdFbZ4mPAk2tjwh1vvp6g4MEGTdog4p0lh3H5YogUtCB/s1600/islamic-education.jpg" title="http://www.ausaid.gov.au/countries/indonesia/PublishingImages/islamic-education.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Many Islamic Schools are now bilingual</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I decided to write this article as I
can see this is an issue that has been on the minds of parents and educators in
Indonesia for quite some time. I've met many parents and teachers who feel very
strongly about 'bilingual education'. In this article I intend to address a few
of the common issues and questions regarding bilingual schools.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">My first experience with bilingual
education in Indonesia was after my first year teaching there where I was asked
to head the English program at a new Islamic School in Tanggerang. The school
had previously been running as a Kindergarten only but they were preparing to
open their first Primary level class when I joined them. Previously they had
tried to establish themselves as a bilingual school but had problems with the
teachers understanding what was expected from them. If a bilingual program is
to be a success expectations for teachers should be clear. So in the new campus
instead of using the term bilingual we started using the phrase full-English
and explaining which subjects would be taught fully in English and which would
be taught fully in Indonesian, this made expectations clear. For the Primary Grade
1 the following subjects were taught fully in Indonesian SOSE, CIVICS, RELIGION,
INDONESIAN and the following were taught fully in English SCIENCE, MATHS,
ENGLISH (of course). In addition to this the language spoken on campus and in
homeroom time was always English. Instead of having an English Zone/Time we
would have an Indonesian Zone/Time which would be whenever the subjects taught
in Indonesian were. Any other time it was understood by the teachers, staff and
therefore children that English should be used.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It was not long after the program
was underway that parents started coming to me with concerns. Will our children’s
ability in Indonesian be badly affected? How will their scores in Science and
Maths be if they are taught those subjects solely in English? The issue of
whether or not the knowledge and practice of their own culture or traditions would
be affected did not arise but I have since heard that this is a concern for
some parents putting their children into similar schools.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I felt that these things would not
be an issue, but if some parents were concerned then naturally I wanted to make
sure we were doing the right thing.</span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjapZjj0xchX2eWSqE8m7hHHBRa0G2PCS-WHJ0xVN1XpquB2miuCpUYSOQ1Maj9gYdOvb_cvHgBDiqiaNNdSW560zKAQ_kFIQBHqR4QJTxDtHxgJnN21-fA8xYAM1cIsr9esdoECNx11KXd/s1600/WhyFrmmersion.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjapZjj0xchX2eWSqE8m7hHHBRa0G2PCS-WHJ0xVN1XpquB2miuCpUYSOQ1Maj9gYdOvb_cvHgBDiqiaNNdSW560zKAQ_kFIQBHqR4QJTxDtHxgJnN21-fA8xYAM1cIsr9esdoECNx11KXd/s1600/WhyFrmmersion.jpg" height="242" title="http://www.sulysse.com" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Similar benefits can be found by being bilingual in Indonesia</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So I set out on my journey to
research similar programs to our own around the world, to find data to show
what the adverse affects of such a program would be, if any. My quest led me to
come across a wealth of data on the <a href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2012/10/24/census-french-immersion.html" target="_blank">French Immersion program in Canada</a>. There
are many examples of immersion programs and immersion situations around the world
but I think none that are such a good example of what we were trying to achieve
than the French Immersion Program in Canada.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The French Immersion program in
Canada was started by concerned French Canadian parents who saw that the
schooling options for their children were all in an English medium of
instruction. To preserve the culture and tradition of their children as well as
to make sure their French was fluent and of a native level, the parents set up
the first French immersion school in the early 1950s. The schools were so
popular and such a success that by the mid 1960s the government had begun
funding and opening French Immersion schools around the country. Of course this
was not without any scrutiny. Ever since they began, data has been collected on
the effects of the French immersion schools on both the French-Canadian
children and English-Canadian children that were schooled in them. To some up
this 50+ year collection of data we can safely say that the parents at the
school I was working at needed not be concerned. According to the results of
the French immersion schools, English speaking children admitted into them may struggle
with their subject scores for the first few years when compared to the national
level but catch up to their non-bilingual counterparts and in many cases surpass
them (due to their superior command of the English language, thanks to being
fluent in French as well).</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This was exciting, and I shared this
information with the parents who were already committed to the program as it
was but our hearts were all at peace with the program being less of an experiment
and more of a tried and tested road to success.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A question should be asked here
which is why did the school decide to use Full English before knowing about
this data. The fact of the matter is many schools don’t know about the data,
they only know about what the market wants, and the market wants their children
to be fluent in English as an International language.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The sad thing though is many
skeptics of English being used as a medium of instruction in Indonesia don’t
know about the data either. There are a lot of opinions floating around on the
subject of bilingual education in Indonesia and not all of them are based on research.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Here are some things to think about
when comparing the French Immersion program in Canada to the English Immersion
program at the school in Tanggerang:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The French Immersion programs in Canada</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Taught all subjects except for
English in French</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Were Immersing English speaking students
in French in French Canada</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Were making French culture and
tradition an integral part of the school program</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Had French Natives teach the
subjects in French</span></li>
</ul>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The English Immersion program in Tanggerang, Indonesia</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Taught half of the subjects in
Indonesian</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Was immersing Indonesian speaking
students in English in Indonesia</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Was making Islamic and Indonesian
culture and tradition an integral part of the school program</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Had Indonesian teachers who spoke
English fairly fluently, teach the subjects in English</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So it’s obvious that the cultural
impact and negative impact on the students’ Indonesian ability in the school in
Tanggerang would be much less than that of the French Immersion schools in
Canada, this on top of the fact that the French Immersion program shows <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">no long term negative impacts to date</b>,
and that’s after 50 years.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So the question of whether or not we
should be using English as a medium of instruction in Indonesian schools [that
can implement a program properly] is really a no brainer. The benefits are immense.
To sum it up though, in a few simple words is worth putting in bold:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If students are taught in an English medium of instruction,
they have the best chance of becoming fluent in English and acquire English at
an extremely advanced rate.</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This eventually means more time for
other languages or more time for other subjects and a better overall result in
the target language.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What
is happening in most schools in Indonesia now regarding the foreign language
program is what I’d like to describe as prolonged torture. The children ‘learn’
English year after year never being able to ‘speak’ it. I have written about
this before in my article <b><a href="http://change-lives-together.blogspot.com/2012/06/education-language-and-learning.html"><span style="color: blue;">Education, Language and Learning a Language</span></a>.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This
is not because Indonesian students can’t learn English easily, on the contrary
they learn English a lot more easily than Thai, Korean, Japanese or Chinese
students do, this is because of the similarities between Indonesian and English
like the fact that they are both in Latin script.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Since
heading the program at the school in Tanggerang I have helped a number of
institutions implement successful English immersion programs and advised many
more.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">To
implement a successful language Immersion program does not need a lot of money
or resources but it does need dedication, consistency, clear expectations and
know how.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I plan to write again soon on the subject of
bilingual schools in Indonesia but until then here are a few simple ingredients
to have a successful bilingual or even trilingual school:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>1. Set aside at least two years to
focus on immersing the children in the target language.</b> This will need the
dedication (and ability) of all teachers and staff involved and perhaps a
separate campus or area in the campus for the levels that are being targeted. A
good time would be The first two years of primary school (or the second and third
year) or the first two years of Junior High School (SMP).</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> <b> </b></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>2. Make sure the curriculum in other
subjects is not overwhelming.</b> Some schools double up their curriculums falsely believing
that it is what it means to be a National Plus school. The school should commit
and believe that the students will succeed in national exams, even though they
have studied the subjects in English. This is because they are still Indonesian
students that will speak Indonesian no worse than their non-bilingual counter
parts. Extra preparation may be required regarding terminology but this is
rare. If the issue is approval from DIKNAS, then the two curriculums can be
blended to make sure all points needing to be covered in the curriculum
according to KTSP (the national curriculum standard) are. Many schools have successfully
done this (like Lazuardi in Depok to name one) and their models are available for
comparative studies.</span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>3. Make sure the proper order of
acquisition is observed (oracy before literacy) and that a time is dedicated
for a transition into the new environment in the first few months of the
program</b>. The key word is immerse, not submerse. I did this in the school in
Tanggerang by allowing the teachers to speak Indonesian to support the
emotional needs of the children in the first three months, so rapport can be
built up and the children feel safe and secure with their teachers. Another
school that I have observed dedicated the first 10 weeks of their Junior High
School program to learning English. In those ten weeks students basically learned
English all day and for every period, thereby being ready to learn other
subjects in English by the end of this period. This is also an option but I
feel it is harder to apply and not completely necessary.</span></div>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Until next time, keep shining, sharing and let’s
change some lives!</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kindest regards,</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-Hugh</span></div>
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Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-64160469209081337092013-03-12T02:58:00.000-07:002013-03-12T03:20:45.000-07:00The challenge of changing negative practices in Indonesian schoolsI received a comment on my last post <a href="http://change-lives-together.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/the-development-of-human-being.html" target="_blank">The Development of a Human Being</a> and thought the question so good that it was worth writing a post on.<br />
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<b>Ms. Neno an English teacher from Bali, Indonesia wrote: </b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnJTvXVy4g-KVea2pvVRFA5_rO-NPty6w5loOVM500K7LXrqFKdCiLk4NWBAJoglLbqghxyJkcMGBtxjqwmeWHVa7JTeViTpEFR3KIrBUOObvZv2CqZNi9OICe6K-zYystZanSJw-zJ7pf/s1600/More+Cheating.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a>Hi Mr Hugh. Thanks for writing this. :-)<br />
<br />
Interesting. Though I
should say that after reading it I exhaled a quite deep sigh. I am not
trying to be pessimistic to my own country (considering you are writing
about positive psychology), but I guess I need your opinion on this:
what do you think would be the best way to implement "positive education
program" when the fact is... "negative" practices are still seen
anywhere in schools and educational institutions in Indonesia? This
should be a huge challenge.<br />
<br />
Ms Neno <br />
<br />
<b>In reply to Ms. Neno I write: </b><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGPgHSvelusnLDjmWaD0a3cUcG2cbs6X4JcmeGMSsAkJAW2g_mkHMe-OooojmytMjQ3JbpOoVoUxCLTHn-92QT_QJbmGs5G_rOHwmLE8WALwRRLuWpE7PEwIv7zUqzSu0-iHIXKtC5HmoP/s1600/564817_149728458492782_1342322840_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGPgHSvelusnLDjmWaD0a3cUcG2cbs6X4JcmeGMSsAkJAW2g_mkHMe-OooojmytMjQ3JbpOoVoUxCLTHn-92QT_QJbmGs5G_rOHwmLE8WALwRRLuWpE7PEwIv7zUqzSu0-iHIXKtC5HmoP/s1600/564817_149728458492782_1342322840_n.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a><br />
Hi Ms. Neno,<br />
<br />
I'm sorry to hear about you're deep sigh, I obviously need to write more on the application of Positive Psychology so that you are instead, gasping for breath in excitement. The fact of the matter is most formal education around the world has been entrenched in "negative" practices perhaps since the very inception of the model our formal education is based on (something built to meet the needs of the industrialization era).<br />
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Only now in the last decade or so, thanks to the development in neuroscience are we really starting to understand, how the brain works. Positive Education is something new everywhere and it covers many things which I believe will be very useful and welcome in schools and institutions in Indonesia.<br />
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One key concept in Positive Psychology is "to flourish". Ask any one of your colleagues if they would like to flourish in all aspects of their life and they will no doubt say something to the tune of "yes, of course". Ask them how to flourish and they probably won't have a model to work from (unless of course, they already are flourishing). What Positive Education gives us is that model. If we can get more teachers experience Positive Psychology first hand and the difference it makes to their own thinking, habits and thus life, we'll have much less to deal with regarding a paradigm shift from "negative practices" to "positive practices".<br />
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What they do at Geelong Grammar School is to provide intensive training where the first week or so is focusing on the process of experiencing positive psychology first hand. I was told that of that first week at least 3-4 days are needed for people to start opening up and going deeper into the experience. Many teachers may leave the training still having doubts even though they understand the model, this is where continual time and patience is needed from the trainers throughout the school year. If an institution was prepared to provide the initial training and then the ongoing support I see no reason why the institution's culture could not change and that a Positive Education program wouldn't be a success.<br />
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Thankfully many schools like Geelong Grammar School have done the hard yards in ingraining Positive Psychology into their culture and are happy to share their experiences in their journey and what method of development they have found works best.<br />
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I plan to provide lots of links to resources on Positive Psychology and Positive Education here on my blog in the coming months, and will hopefully be able to become more active in spreading Positive Education in Indonesia upon my return. I hope you (Ms. Neno) and anybody else reading this can assist and support the development of Positive Psychology in Indonesia.<br />
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Kindest regards,<br />
<br />
Hugh Elliott<br />
<br />
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<br />Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-55778284566269631692013-03-02T21:35:00.004-08:002013-03-03T03:40:15.469-08:00The Development of a Human BeingHi there it's nice to be writing again,<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAfYSbqxHE5byTNmsvN9-PIM5nUCoYeNRt_HtYC5sWSHMoPq7UO4anjqoBCZoJRFeGS5wUltOLKhRBLumMXR-FG9XWwrGpXOlpDcwb0BHwqGaHoZE_J3Mmh_U8MAbVC7QT_PIYwpd1Je-x/s1600/depositphotos_9446901-Human-Development.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAfYSbqxHE5byTNmsvN9-PIM5nUCoYeNRt_HtYC5sWSHMoPq7UO4anjqoBCZoJRFeGS5wUltOLKhRBLumMXR-FG9XWwrGpXOlpDcwb0BHwqGaHoZE_J3Mmh_U8MAbVC7QT_PIYwpd1Je-x/s200/depositphotos_9446901-Human-Development.jpg" width="183" /></a>Sorry I haven't written for a while a few things have changed for me recently. For one I have taken a trip to Australia for a few months. Here I have had the opportunity to meet with some excellent educators. One subject that has come up a lot since I have been here has been the development of the students character in school.<br />
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Although the development of character in schools is not a new subject it is one that is fraught with difficulties, differences of opinion and problems with measuring success. Overall with character, although it's something that everybody agrees is important, nobody has really devised a system to 'teach' it and achieve a great amount of success from it.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1JS6mrQbHUsKczNYrvbVrdtWQnmrUd4PXGHH1wexE6aBrEjUnY2VZtxXjCbXc_TF7lEu_TuDdedIFKYuVT4u9DFB81VnfaAD5iTXDoL-AaFkZyUDd_GsU7nPyQcbpY04dlF8QSUBENGwc/s1600/Kuhne-The-Facilitator-was-Assured.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1JS6mrQbHUsKczNYrvbVrdtWQnmrUd4PXGHH1wexE6aBrEjUnY2VZtxXjCbXc_TF7lEu_TuDdedIFKYuVT4u9DFB81VnfaAD5iTXDoL-AaFkZyUDd_GsU7nPyQcbpY04dlF8QSUBENGwc/s320/Kuhne-The-Facilitator-was-Assured.jpg" width="320" /></a>This is perhaps because the acquisition of character similar to acquiring a language cannot be achieved through 'teaching' but it must be discovered by the students themselves, assisted by the masterly <b>facilitation</b><b> </b>of a skilled teacher or mentor.<br />
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With the learning of facts, one may choose to <u>teach</u> by giving the information or <u>facilitate</u> by providing the environment in which it can be learned. With the acquisition of character strengths however, the choice of telling somebody what they should think or feel is not there, <u>it must be discovered</u>.<br />
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Of course in talking about 'character strengths' we mustn't forget that what is strong or weak is a matter of perception and our perceptions are defined by the environment we come from (culture, DNA, upbringing etc.) and our own experiences. This being taken into consideration there are still many universal character strengths in which we can base our model of development on. Luckily a lot of work of researching the universal traits of character which are important in living a successful, happy and productive life has already been done.<br />
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Chris Peterson the co-author of 'Character Strengths and Virtues' adjusted a fairly long list of character strengths (as mentioned in Paul Tough's book 'How Children Succeed') and listed seven which he thought were particularly likely to predict life satisfaction and achievement. They were:<br />
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<ol>
<li>Grit</li>
<li>Self-Control</li>
<li>Zest</li>
<li>Social Intelligence</li>
<li>Optimism</li>
<li>Curiosity </li>
</ol>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZNx0-g97MnluK3NENtlHGuA50Mj2ZnbaygQvPOY1D-Oem0JwfkPDzcQlMmEeNt-wCWHT8bDhnjD2LKaqU6RD5UMOoU8O2mswONZXQjodnOgxJfSIXppnD0ghBawm5x3OGbMwWQnt4NU1e/s1600/44_self_control.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="153" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZNx0-g97MnluK3NENtlHGuA50Mj2ZnbaygQvPOY1D-Oem0JwfkPDzcQlMmEeNt-wCWHT8bDhnjD2LKaqU6RD5UMOoU8O2mswONZXQjodnOgxJfSIXppnD0ghBawm5x3OGbMwWQnt4NU1e/s200/44_self_control.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="200" /></a>These were set out so teachers and curriculum developers in particular could use them as a model to base the competencies on for character development programs. Although they are obviously not the be all to end all they are never the less a good guide and a starting point in our quest to instill our students with strong, well rounded and beneficial character.</div>
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For a full list of character traits analysed by a research study of 117,676 adults from 54 nations by the university of Pennsylvania you can find the research report in the <a href="http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~duckwort/images/upperdarbypd/11062012_PDReading.pdf" target="_blank">July 2006 Journal of Positive Psychology</a>.</div>
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So all this leads us to the question, <b>How can we transfer these character traits to our students in school? </b>What the team at <a href="http://www.ggs.vic.edu.au/PosEd/Model-of-Positive-Education.aspx" target="_blank">Geelong Grammar School </a>has done is made sure to put all the teachers that come into their school through a two week intensive Positive Education course, not only to impart the skills of a facilitator but also to impart the skills of positive psychology onto the teachers themselves. This is because it is of course quite possible to imagine a student positively affected by a positive education program (excuse the pun) if the teacher themselves are living, breathing examples of positive psychology.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbc210oYzziw9Jcunp6W4VbxLBb_J2iLYhQrTgfaxVKT-u7m2oZN1HdhzQs6O21RBYFcMLYGq21O3jonXwV72iosYqEkdiUtnXnjRTZT3gJHWpGqan9Na067bpwR8DpCPncHWfTCvE0TKC/s1600/pushing_box.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbc210oYzziw9Jcunp6W4VbxLBb_J2iLYhQrTgfaxVKT-u7m2oZN1HdhzQs6O21RBYFcMLYGq21O3jonXwV72iosYqEkdiUtnXnjRTZT3gJHWpGqan9Na067bpwR8DpCPncHWfTCvE0TKC/s320/pushing_box.jpg" width="320" /></a>Positive Psychology as explained in Wikipedia is a branch of psychology which "...c<span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.1875px;">omplements, with no intention to replace or ignore, the traditional areas of psychology. By adding an important emphasis to use the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method" style="background-color: white; background-image: none; color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.1875px; text-decoration: none;" title="Scientific method">scientific method</a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.1875px;"> to study and determine positive human development." </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.1875px;"><br /></span></div>
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In short it is a branch of psychology immensely important and relevant for the teachers of today. Many say we are currently in a time of character crisis, where the instilled tried and tested values of tradition have been replaced by consumerism and the leadership of desire. Further more many concerned educators in Indonesia have mentioned, the traditional values of the village have started to disintegrate, as the above influences and the influx of the population from rural areas to the city, have combined to make less and less room for the contemplation and implementation of character strengths.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoB7QhDnN4BfHH42mrgZVaEomerwSVmijhQlDowa4bHQ6tTNmTZqs876Q8KQZfriP_KQGmMY0PcXSe7itWtLpmyIcUV6JDBV33YuzUCYKODEufb2rnfdHqEgNODRqk_ykNtqz3PqJ-R_KG/s1600/children.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoB7QhDnN4BfHH42mrgZVaEomerwSVmijhQlDowa4bHQ6tTNmTZqs876Q8KQZfriP_KQGmMY0PcXSe7itWtLpmyIcUV6JDBV33YuzUCYKODEufb2rnfdHqEgNODRqk_ykNtqz3PqJ-R_KG/s320/children.jpg" width="212" /></a>What many fail to recognize is that in this time more than ever with all the turmoil our children are experiencing, that character strengths are really what are going to pull them through and give them the best chance in life. Studies have shown that it is not so much IQ or one-on-one tuition that determines a student's academic success, but it is character strengths. The same rings true in perhaps all areas of an individuals life.</div>
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If education is the preparation for life and we are educating our children for a future that we have no way of predicting, surely one of the greatest things we can help them achieve is strength of character!</div>
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I intend to write more articles on Positive Psychology in the coming months as I will be staying at Geelong Grammar School until the end of May. Hopefully I'll be able to participate in the implementation of more positive education programs in Indonesian schools after my return.</div>
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Until next time, keep shining sharing and succeeding.</div>
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Kindest regards,</div>
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-Hugh</div>
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Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-23840717647952842632012-12-14T19:04:00.001-08:002012-12-14T20:17:20.628-08:00Changing Education Paradigms<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUdLhGP4BUQSVqK10atgM1w_T16cfF2dPufr6NA9sayCVOykbiR_2BOkm17wXxnrwdBE7qoHDyfI7NXAyY5CE72MOzYAgSX3RrjgoxqydJjNSrhq774krifsjCkrP6ITPOSsjWec5iuLZN/s1600/Waldorf_classroom.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUdLhGP4BUQSVqK10atgM1w_T16cfF2dPufr6NA9sayCVOykbiR_2BOkm17wXxnrwdBE7qoHDyfI7NXAyY5CE72MOzYAgSX3RrjgoxqydJjNSrhq774krifsjCkrP6ITPOSsjWec5iuLZN/s320/Waldorf_classroom.JPG" width="320" /></a>Recently the education board in Indonesia has been seriously talking about some mammoth changes for the 2013-2014 curriculum.<br />
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The changes are said to include removing English from the primary school curriculum. They say this is because they will replace it with a subject to improve attitude.<br />
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Now although I do not really know too much about the changes yet to comment on them here, the whole issue did get me thinking about a speech I heard from Sir Ken Robinson about Changing Education Paradigms. I feel the point of his speech can be summed up in a few words - we need to seriously question what we know about education itself, rather than making small changes to curriculum, standards and management we should be making big changes to our perceptions and pushing to make education what it truly should be. Those are my words, not his but a summary none the less.<br />
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His words are "we need to change the culture of our institutions, the habits of our institutions and the habitats they occupy".<br />
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So what should education be? I don't think we can fully answer that question before we take our first steps on our new journey, and to make a new journey in a better and more effective direction we need to first remove ourselves from our current path. But hasn't the path been working fine up until now? I think we can all agree on the answer to that. This conversation about reforming education will never stop untill we first reform and refine our thinking on the matter.<br />
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Below is a RSAnimate video of the talk he gave in 2003 on Changing Education Paradigms. It is very easy to follow thanks to the illustrations even for a non-native English speaker.<br />
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It is well worth a watch! I've transcribed my notes below the video for those who prefer to read and for those who want to see my feelings on each issue. Enjoy! ^_^<br />
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<b>Changing Education Paradigms</b></div>
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<b>-A commentary of the speech made by Sir Ken Robinson</b></div>
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<i>Any of my own feelings or opinions will be written in italic like this. The summary of the speech below is not quoted word by word but rephrased/written for easy reading. </i><b> </b></div>
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Around the world today there is a lot of talk about reforming education. According to Sir Robinson there are 2 reasons for this.</div>
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<b>1. Economic: </b>How do we educate our children to take part in the economies of the 21st century? Given that we can't anticipate what the economy will look like next week? As demonstrated by the recent economic turmoil.</div>
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<b>2. Cultural: </b>How do we give our children a sense of cultural identity while still teaching them how to thrive in the global village?</div>
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The problem is, schools and school boards are trying to meet the future by doing what they have done in the past and in the process they alienate millions of students.</div>
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In the past we were sold the notion that if we studied hard, did well and went to college we would get a good job. Our children don't believe that anymore and they are right not to. A college degree is good, but not a guarantee on a job anymore, especially if the route to it marginalizes most of the things you think are important.</div>
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Our education system now is still based on an enlightenment view on education and caters to the needs of the industrialization era. This creates a certain perspective of education that although very useful in the past and a great step forward then, our perspectives need to be seriously revamped to keep up with the current era.</div>
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<i>The prophet Muhammad SAW was said to of said <b>"Teach people according to their era!"</b></i></div>
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There is an increase in Attention Deficit Problems with teens, mainly because of a lack of adaptability in the way we educate.</div>
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The arts are a victim of this mentality as they give an aesthetic experience. An aesthetic experience is when your senses are operating at their peak. When you are fully alive.</div>
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What we are prescribing for our children is an anesthetic experience. To hold their attention we are asking them to shut their senses off. What we should be doing is waking them up to what they have inside themselves.</div>
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We have a model of education based on the interests of industrialization and in the image of it (like a factory). Think about it!</div>
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<ul>
<li>Schools still run with ringing bells</li>
<li>Subjects are separated into different places and times</li>
<li>We still educate children in batches, separating them into age groups (like the most important thing about them was their year of manufacture).</li>
</ul>
There are many different children of the same age that learn in different ways. Some learn better in groups, some on their own, some in the morning, some in the afternoon.<br />
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It's all about 'conformity' and you can see this in the constant increase in standardized testing. <br />
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<i>The above line is especially relevant in Indonesia</i>!<br />
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Sir Ken Robinson suggests that we should go in the exact opposite direction. That's what he's talking about when he says ' a change in paradigms'.<br />
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<b>Divergent Thinking</b><br />
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Divergent thinking is an essential capacity for creative thinking. Divergent thinking gets less with age and this surprisingly coincides with 'becoming more educated'.<br />
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This may be because amongst other things in school we are taught:<br />
<br />
<ol>
<li>There is one right answer</li>
<li>It's in the back</li>
<li>Don't look or copy because that would be cheating (where outside school that's called collaboration) </li>
</ol>
We have to think differently about human capacity. See that many of the concepts we have of education are myths (like the separation of academic and non-academic individuals). Realise that great learning happens in groups, collaboration is the stuff of growth.<br />
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If we atomize students and judge them separately we form a disjunction between them and their natural learning environment.<br />
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"We need to change the culture of our institutions, the habits of our institutions and the habitats they occupy."<br />
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<i>To discuss this article and Sir Ken Robinson's ideas together please visit the <a href="http://www.facebook.com/ChangeLivesTogether" target="_blank">CLT Facebook Page</a> or leave a comment bellow!</i><br />
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<i>Until next time, keep shining sharing and succeeding!</i><br />
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<b><i>-Hugh </i></b><br />
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Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-57512817348513113112012-11-23T18:43:00.000-08:002012-11-23T18:43:46.305-08:00Teachers' Seminar for the 22nd of December 2012<h5 class="uiStreamMessage userContentWrapper" data-ft="{"type":1,"tn":"K"}">
<span class="messageBody" data-ft="{"type":3}"><span class="userContent">Announcement:
There will be a seminar for teachers of all levels on December the
22nd. The seminar is for teachers of any subject and any level.<br /> <br /> Event Title: Pillars, Pylons and PLN. The three keys to success in your teaching career<br /> <br /> Place: Plaza 3 Pondok Indah<br /><div class="text_exposed_show">
<br /> Time: 7.30am-2pm<br /> <br /> Investment: Rp 350,000<br /> <br /> Please see the flyer for further information. All attendees must RSVP.<br /> <br /> Please share this information with any of your friends or colleagues that may be interested.</div>
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Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-35394774145209373992012-11-16T04:11:00.000-08:002012-11-16T16:50:07.920-08:00Teaching as a career of sincerity<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Why do teachers always get paid so
little?</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjeGDFEfQfUuncTPLAaSdVmGf4iQYAkp37MpXy7VluydNRk0H9vqDvPHap8FV8gEbfxInS7IhF8V3uZLaJ8kAYQlTeEoGXLSL_Iyykx9C-RrNKdVbkXMN4Khcc5yYlsH_i4a6IAYnXgJl4/s1600/Stressed-teacher-460x276.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjeGDFEfQfUuncTPLAaSdVmGf4iQYAkp37MpXy7VluydNRk0H9vqDvPHap8FV8gEbfxInS7IhF8V3uZLaJ8kAYQlTeEoGXLSL_Iyykx9C-RrNKdVbkXMN4Khcc5yYlsH_i4a6IAYnXgJl4/s320/Stressed-teacher-460x276.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This is a question that has plagued
societies around the world frequently in the last few decades.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It has also bothered me personally
as I have always worked alongside mostly local teachers who are often unmotivated
and exhausted because of the amount of compensation they get for their effort
and the amount of moonlighting (outside working hours) they have to give just
to make ends meet.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It's not a question that is unique
to Indonesia although just as important to address here as anywhere else in the
world. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Before we address the above question
we should first establish if they really are paid too little. Fortunately there
is no lack of studies done on this globally. The studies have been conducted in
different ways.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Focusing on the salary of teachers per hour compared to
those of similarly educated professionals in regards to the duration of
their degrees. Including benefits such as paid holidays etc.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Focusing on the salary of teachers per hour compared to
those of similarly intelligent professionals in regards to their IQ.
Including benefits such as paid holidays etc.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In short most studies from the U.S.
(where the compensation for teachers is pretty good compared to other parts of
the world) show that teachers are paid less than their counterparts in both
cases; although the gap is not as large as you would expect. That is thanks to
the inclusion of average hours worked, where if you were to calculate it,
teachers work much less hours than similarly intelligent or educated
professionals, which makes them almost as well paid.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I feel however that those studies
are based on a very shallow view of the teacher’s workload and do not take into
account two very important points:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The afterhours work that teachers put in. Often the
studies focus on 'teaching hours' as many teachers in most parts of the
world are permitted to go home when they've finished those hours. It also
doesn't include the huge amount of professional development that teachers
need to do to make sure they are always giving their best to their
students.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The impact that teachers have on society which is by
far the most of almost any profession (despite the initial training of a
teacher being fairly 'easy and light' compared to other professions).</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So I think the statement still
stands strong. Teachers are paid way too little for what they do (or should be
doing).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Why are they paid so little?
Probably because most governments of the world have lost a sense of priority.
Probably also because the results of the changes that are made in education
today, will not be seen in working society for perhaps a decade - long after
the current politicians in power have changed. That leads to a lack of
accountability which of course then leads to a lack of action and thus change.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Generally around the world teachers
are paid about as well as laborers, sometimes less. This means that
increasingly less people are looking at getting into teaching and although they
may feel passionate about education, they will choose other fields that are
more financially beneficial.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I guess the question should not be
'Why are teachers leaving the trade?' or 'Why do teachers always get paid so
little?' but 'Why do they stay?' and 'What can they do to improve their
situation?'.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Why do teachers stay in the
profession or even choose it in the first place? </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The answer in short is simple. Most
teachers choose to teach because they want to make a difference in the world.
Whether or not this passion stays with them throughout their career or even
throughout their degree is another matter. So teaching is a career of
sincerity. People do not choose to teach because they want to earn a decent
living, they usually teach because they want to make a difference and want to
serve society where it really matters.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Some teachers enter the profession
for all the wrong reasons though. Usually because the degree is a relatively
easy and cheap one or because they look at teaching as a pretty easy and simple
job (with few hours).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Really then this article is for the
majority of teachers, not those free loaders who think teaching is a breeze and
just want to clock in and out ASAP to get their dosh (money) and sit in front
of the TV watching soapies and reality TV.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This article is for those teachers
who chose teaching for all the right reasons. They want to make a difference in
this world and serve humanity in the best way they can.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What can teachers do to improve
their financial situation?</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So teachers don't look like they are
going to get more money from private schools (which are mostly essentially
money making businesses) or government schools (which are struggling to get
better funding) any time soon, which means teachers are left with improving
their financial position by themselves.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It's important that they are able to
improve their financial situation because although teaching is truly a career
of sincerity they still have families to support and dreams to fulfill. Without
the ability to do those things the quality of education will suffer, this is a
no brainer.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Let's first look at a few way
teachers commonly try to improve their financial situation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Private tutoring:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> The most common method is to do more teaching. Quiet a
simple concept I guess 'I need more money so I'm going to work more'. One
teacher explained it to me like this 'I only work at a school for prestige, I
get a lot more money from my private students an work much less hours'. Often
teachers get around 50,000-150,000 an hour doing private teaching with middle
class students which is considerable considering their daily wage from the
school is around 75,000. This means they can sometimes more than double their
wage by doing just and extra hours work each evening.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Problems with Private Tutoring:<b> </b>It's
not always easy to find clients and the work is not always stable. Also by
teaching you own students or students from the school there is a moral issue of
'Shouldn't they be getting that kind of support from the teachers anyway?'.
That is why many schools have forbidden teachers taking on private students on
who are from that teachers school or at least from their own classes (which
usually just ends up with an exchange between teachers anyway).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Working after hours at an institute:
</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Similar to private tuition teachers
can sometimes double their salary by doing this. They sign a contract with a
language institute or tuition college and can usually make the same kind of
money they make at their day job.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Problems with working after hours at
an institute: The working hours of institutes often collide with teaching
duties especially if there is a special event at the school. There are
institutes that take this into account and let teachers who have day jobs plan
at home and arrive a bit later than usual but still for special events there are
few solutions. Besides that if a teacher works at an institute they will often
be working until 8 or 9 pm at night which makes them very tired and worn out.
That will almost always affect their performance in one or both positions which
is why many schools and institutes now forbid their employees to work anywhere
else (this is often stipulated in the employee contract).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Having a business on the side: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This is probably one of the better options for teachers but
requires a particular skill set in itself. Not all people are able to become
successful entrepreneurs off the bat, especially when they are trying to
balance a new business with a full time job. None the less many teachers are
successful doing this. Common micro-businesses that teachers can manage while
still working full-time include: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Having a shop at home which the wife or husband (who
isn't working) takes care of.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Selling a product to people connected to the school (in
or around working hours) as well as to the general public (after work).</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Becoming a sales executive that works on commission
selling a product or service such as cosmetics or insurance.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Putting together a co-op investment scheme amongst the
teachers </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In some cases a teacher has enough money through
inheritance or savings to manage to build a very successful business on
the side with employees and a concrete location - this however often leads
to them leaving their teaching career</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The problems with having a business
on the side: Having a shop at home means you need to have somebody at home to
look after it, which means it's not really a business at all, it's a job for
that person at home. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Selling a product to people
connected to the school or outside the school is time consuming and will no
doubt take time away from lesson planning and supporting slower students. If
done in school hours it'll make the teacher tired and worn out. There is also
the issue of sourcing suppliers which can take time.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Becoming a sales executive usually
does not bring in a whole lot of money and can sometimes annoy friends and
coworkers as any MLM program does.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Putting together a co-op is an
extremely low-profit venture and you usually end up spending any profit made by
buying from the co-op yourself. It's only real use is that you can get intrest
free loans from the co-op which is nice.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A successful larger business for
employees usually means the teacher is financially better off putting their
time into the business instead of teaching, sometimes the business itself ends
up demanding this as it expands.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The above ideas are not all bad. In
fact I've seen one or two teachers implement one, a few or all of them with
quiet some success (usually with the help of multi-vitamins, energy drinks and
power naps).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An example of a teacher who
implements all of the income supplement ideas above would be like the below:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Day job wage: 1.5jt</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Extra wage from evening job: 1jt</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Extra wage from tutoring private
students between the hours of students going home and teachers going home
(usually between 1-2hours which should be used for planning, correcting and
meetings):1jt</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Profit from sales executive
commission: 500rb</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Profit from product sales: 500rb</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Profit from co-op investments: 50rb</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Weekend tutoring 1.5jt </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Totaling: RP 7,550,000</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This however is the activity of a
workaholic and it is likely that the quality of any of these ventures wouldn't
be any good at all. Still possible, but not a good idea.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So what is a better way to improve
our financial situation (without draining all our energy reserves) while still
giving the best to our students, making a difference and serving society?</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The first step is realizing that you
don't get paid enough for the hours you work</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. This is not acceptable, if you are in a middle-class
school or above it's not ethically okay that you get paid what you do. You are
probably getting paid that much because of one of two reasons:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. The school puts their money into
facilities instead of manpower. This is much like a rich man buying a very
expensive car only to hire the cheapest driver he can. The driver will no doubt
mistreat the car, maybe even damage it and won't give the best service to his
passenger (the boss). In the case of the driver the boss is directly affected
and that is why most drivers earn more than most teachers. In the case of a
teacher the damage is not so clear or immediate. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. The school doesn't put money into
facilities or manpower and only cares about the immediate profit.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you're in the second type of
school get out! Abandon ship! Count your losses! </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If your in the first kind of school
you need to make your case clear to management. The only way to do this is as a
union. All of the teachers at the school should be serious about getting paid
what they deserve and more importantly deserving more than what they are paid
(this should make sense). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Having experience in several newly
built schools I know that in the beginning better facilities means a bigger
profit for the foundation. Parents like any customer buy based on perceived benefits
and value. However parents also like any customer will continue buying and
referring the service to friends only due to results and excellence in service
i.e. perceptions can change and they do very quickly if promises aren't kept.
Unfortunately not all parents realize when their children aren't learning
enough and aren't getting the best out of their education. They only look to
the report card and the national summative test as an indication of how well
their child is doing. Fortunately most parents aren't blind either and will
usually recognize quality instruction in action.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The fact of the matter is that
better teaching conquers all. This is what (in the long run) will cause parents
to keep putting their children in your hands and refer those masterful hands to
others. So, improve quality of teaching and you'll improve the business as a
whole. Make sure this is your key case when proposing a salary raise as a union
to the management. First show them how good your teaching can get, increase
your productivity and passion (making your hours more valuable). Then work
together to get that raise you now definitely deserve.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b><u>The second step is realizing that you will never get paid enough for the
difference you make in society.</u></b> That is your legacy, your donation to
society, your calling. Expect to get paid for the benefit you give to the
business (the school) but never expect to get paid more for the benefit you
give to society. Those are the extra small and magical things you give the
individual human beings you mentor. Those things, that sincere work that
separates a masterful teacher to just a really good one has no price and can
not and will not be bought. This means that if you work in a government school
the chance of a pay rise is very slim.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So if you can't get a pay rise for the
value of the hours you put in and you'll never get a pay rise for the value of
the contribution you make to society, how can you improve your financial
situation?</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Luckily there are still three very
powerful options at hand:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Learn money management and basic
investment</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Consider your time teaching as a
training program in excellence and set up a passive information business</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Create your own school</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Or why not do all three?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Easier said than done you say? To
bloody right it is. But it isn't as hard as you think either.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I'm going to put you onto three tips
that can help you learn more about these three powerful options.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Learn about money management and
basic investment from these two points. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Invest
in projects, not businesses and make your main investment sweat. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tip:
The better you get at making projects the less sweat you need. Examples of
projects that are rich in sweat investment include: Events, Parties, Bazaars,
Camps and products that you make yourself (especially information products
which leads to point number 2).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Finally
don’t get caught in the credit trap (if you already are, count your losses and
pay the price with more sweat investment). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Lean about setting up a Passive
Information Business from:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><a href="http://www.smartpassiveincome.com/">http://www.smartpassiveincome.com</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Learn about a way to create your
own school by studying the co-operative concept. Imagine a school where the
bulk of the profit goes back to the teachers? Imagine twenty teachers not
sharing just 380jt a year but a couple of billion a year (monthly salary of
around 8jt a month). As well as having a school with some of the best
facilities around. All of that is possible with the co-operative concept.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
So those are three great possibilities which I believe are
very doable for teachers. There is no doubt many more but the point of it all
is that you should never forget about what got you into teaching in the first
place.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If you want me to expand on any of the things discussed
about above just drop me an email. If you liked this article don’t forget to
share it around.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Until next time, keep shining, sharing and changing lives!</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
-Hugh</div>
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<br />Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-68707888528321954952012-10-25T21:47:00.001-07:002012-10-25T21:48:47.123-07:00How to make a basic esl/efl lesson planHere's a short video I made on how to make a basic ESL/EFL lesson plan:<br />
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I'll update the summary of the video here ASAP<br />
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For those who are celebrating the Islamic festival of Eid Al-Adha I hope you have a lovely celebration and enjoy catching up with loved ones.<br />
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-Hugh Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-20453664356667175042012-10-11T02:36:00.002-07:002012-10-11T02:36:33.858-07:00How Encouragement and Appreciation Makes All The DifferenceHi Guys,<br />
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Have you ever been in a job or situation where no body encourages you or appreciates you? Chances are you have probably experienced a situation like this at least once in your life. The reality I guess is we are wrong to expect appreciation or encouragement as in most cases it's not the norm. But it's just because of that, that is makes all the difference in the world.<br />
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I wanted to share this lesson that I gave my MCC (Motivational Conversation Class) last week because I think the message is particularly special.<br />
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I remember when I was still studying to be a teacher I used to work
mornings as a Postman.We didn't get great pay but one thing I did get
was appreciation. Whenever I did extra work the manager always made sure
to say thank you and appreciate me. When a new manager came to take
over the delivery centre the previous manager made sure to tell him all
about me "This is Hugh, one of our best workers, he's really bent over
backwards for us!" he said. It was this appreciation that made me feel
valued there, not the money that we got or the position I held. It's
that appreciation that made all the difference.<br />
<br />
The first thing that we looked at in the lesson was a video of the Puget Sound Community School in Seattle.<br />
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The students at the school start and end every day with words of appreciation. They are also given huge independence in their learning. The director of the school says he has found when the character of the students are strong their academic progress naturally follows. Watch the video for more insight into this fantastic program.<br />
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We tried this appreciation technique in my class to see how it felt. All of the teachers made a circle and took turns to give appreciation, it could be to somebody in the room or somebody not present, it could of even been to a few people or a group of people. The atmosphere of the room automatically changed and I feel this is an invaluable technique to use with our students in schools or language institutes.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhurwH51i2qO4usS0CV_Kvs_eZvgAwabBzYFYFyG8eo4e_zve5XQlktTPP3Ij5G9pu2EHGUzawd0qSWlvI2pVgs60WKgyHNWnuD1sq0CVmTdhVHwGsOnZXE6SnNUTSHprf9IQhW0CBNPF3l/s1600/AntwoneFisherFire.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhurwH51i2qO4usS0CV_Kvs_eZvgAwabBzYFYFyG8eo4e_zve5XQlktTPP3Ij5G9pu2EHGUzawd0qSWlvI2pVgs60WKgyHNWnuD1sq0CVmTdhVHwGsOnZXE6SnNUTSHprf9IQhW0CBNPF3l/s1600/AntwoneFisherFire.jpg" /></a>The next thing we did was listen to a couple of inspiring stories. The first is of Antwone Fisher. He was born in a an Ohio correctional facility (a prison) while his mother was incarcerated. By then his father had already been dead for two months. As a result, he grew up a ward of the state in foster care. For longer than 13 years he lived with a couple who abused him horribly. Daily he was beaten down - physically, verbally and mentally. He never received a Christmas gift or a dime of allowance from his foster parents. For years he was a victim of sexual abuse. And he was often tied to a post in the basement and beaten. His foster mother used to brag that she had once beaten him until he was unconscious.<br />
<br />
By the time Fisher entered the third grade, he had lost any natural love for learning. In addition, the constant admonition from his foster mother that he was the worst child in the world had convinced him that he couldn't learn and had no future. He failed fourth grade and was scheduled to repeat it. But then something wonderful happened. His foster family moved, which put him in a new school district. His new teacher was Mrs. Profit. "If there is such a thing as human beings who act as angels in our lives, Brenda Profit was that for me."<br />
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Under Brenda Profit's care, Fisher began to change his thinking about himself. He says, "If self-esteem was what you used to fill up like a take of gas, the Pickets {his foster family} had siphoned mine out to nothing. Mrs. Profit helped changed [sic] all that." Despite his gains, his academic progress was still meager by the end of the year. He was in danger of once again failing fourth grade. But then Fisher got another break. It was decided that Mrs. Profit would stay with her class of students and continue teaching then in fifth and sixth grades. Knowing that, she passed Fisher into the fifth grade. And it was then that an event occurred that would change his thinking forever.<br />
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It happened one day during reading Fisher, a terribly shy child who sometimes stuttered, was asked to read aloud, and instead of panicking, he read well, including successfully sounding out a difficult word. Then Mrs. Profit praised him, saying, "I'm proud of you. I want you to know that I really struggled over promoting you, and I'm glad that I did. You are doing very well this year." That's when something clicked in Fisher's head. He writes, "Her honest and, careful words are the equivalent of lightning bolts and thunder claps. Outside I shyly accept her praise, but inside I'm flying with the birth of a revelation. It's the first time I've ever realized that there is something I can do to make things different for myself. Not just me, but anyone ...This lesson is a piece of gold I'll keep tucked in my back pocket for the rest of my life."<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJsLPWRXGmdoHsgySw4ZGAB_b6klB86RcO5hMFdSTCBFPGGvCiCH2XmDw0cHJV0Dofh4IRkmlyIfhXRzZZ87-1AYJFgcpyo4APK_0svyAL-0vGNLWupotYpXMfgES9biDna85-b3ktafOB/s1600/AntwoneFisherMay2010.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJsLPWRXGmdoHsgySw4ZGAB_b6klB86RcO5hMFdSTCBFPGGvCiCH2XmDw0cHJV0Dofh4IRkmlyIfhXRzZZ87-1AYJFgcpyo4APK_0svyAL-0vGNLWupotYpXMfgES9biDna85-b3ktafOB/s1600/AntwoneFisherMay2010.jpg" /></a>In that moment, Fisher changed his thinking about himself - and it changed his life. He had plenty of ups and downs after that, but he knew he wasn't hopeless and a better future was possible for him. He didn't follow the path of his older foster brother and friends into a life of drugs and crime.<br />
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Today Antwone Fisher thinks for a living. He is a successful screenwriter in Hollywood. And he has become the kind of responsible citizen and family man he always desired to be, with a wife and daughter. When asked what message he wants his story to convey, his answer is, "That there is hope even when you have the hardest beginnings, and there are good people in the world." (Story taken from Today Matters By Antwone Fisher and revised by John C. Maxwell in his book Encouragement)<br />
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That shows what a difference a teacher or anyone can make when they simply take the time to appreciate and encourage somebody. They can really be the one who makes the difference, <b>you can really be the one!</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-wUTHJZdFKgCvFtjDTiiGQyh9cFlGO_tE6d24l0kK_6Rmq0lMaQfkr4lBCU3Eg4YG9I89Zg-BzQct8MIB41zVyL0dSGJr4fFbmtiSGz5M2Kke6q_CYdxsQX5Z_H0szAXA1n7048SXzDZE/s1600/london+slum+factory.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-wUTHJZdFKgCvFtjDTiiGQyh9cFlGO_tE6d24l0kK_6Rmq0lMaQfkr4lBCU3Eg4YG9I89Zg-BzQct8MIB41zVyL0dSGJr4fFbmtiSGz5M2Kke6q_CYdxsQX5Z_H0szAXA1n7048SXzDZE/s320/london+slum+factory.jpg" width="320" /></a>The next story we had a look at was of a young man in the early 19th century. He aspired to be a writer but everything seemed against him. He had never been able to attend school for more than four years. His father had been flung in jail because he couldn't pay his debts, and this young man often knew the pangs of hunger. Finally he got a job posting labels on bottles of blacking in a rat infested warehouse, and he slept at night in a dismal attic room with two other boys - guttersnipes from the slums of London. He had so little confidence in his ability to write that he sneaked out and mailed his first manuscript in the dead of night so that nobody would laugh at him. Story after story was refused. Finally the great day came when one was accepted. True, he wasn't paid a shilling for it, but one editor had praised him. One editor had given him recognition. He was so thrilled that he wandered aimlessly around the streets with tears rolling down his cheeks.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8luZ6xjjih8e3Or9VSZr9ML01pPfHT0yAfEF6j6GYJDPfka_Y-IKu247sZOhQrEtvjfnkISe5gkiWO0Xfvxfvx9bvogPjBnPfDeu0dTgokohuPA4QvevY5bY5_MNNtD9C1SsSnzhXQx6c/s1600/Charles_Dickens.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8luZ6xjjih8e3Or9VSZr9ML01pPfHT0yAfEF6j6GYJDPfka_Y-IKu247sZOhQrEtvjfnkISe5gkiWO0Xfvxfvx9bvogPjBnPfDeu0dTgokohuPA4QvevY5bY5_MNNtD9C1SsSnzhXQx6c/s320/Charles_Dickens.jpg" width="289" /></a>The praise, the recognition, that he received through getting one story in print, changed his whole life, for if it hadn't been for that encouragement, he might have spent his entire life working in rat-infested factories. You might have heard of that boy. His name was Charles Dickons. (Story taken from Dale Carnegie's book How to Win Friends & Influence People)<br />
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In both stories these men's lives were changed by the simple acts of encouragement and appreciation. It really makes all the difference, I can't say it enough. So the next time you see something you like or appreciate something somebody has done, speak up! It only takes a few seconds and is the easiest way to make somebody's day, maybe even change their life.<br />
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At the end of my lesson I got the teachers to all come up one by one and share how somebody's words of encouragement or appreciation changed their lives'.<br />
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Maybe you have a similar experience? Post it up to our <a href="http://www.facebook.com/groups/379276815423512/" target="_blank">Change Lives Together Facebook Group</a>! And don't forget to subscribe to my blog if you've enjoyed reading.<br />
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Until next time, keep shining, sharing and succeeding!<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-wUTHJZdFKgCvFtjDTiiGQyh9cFlGO_tE6d24l0kK_6Rmq0lMaQfkr4lBCU3Eg4YG9I89Zg-BzQct8MIB41zVyL0dSGJr4fFbmtiSGz5M2Kke6q_CYdxsQX5Z_H0szAXA1n7048SXzDZE/s1600/london+slum+factory.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
-Hugh<br />
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<br />Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7593719513433151732.post-30633261813785073132012-09-29T09:50:00.003-07:002012-09-29T09:50:25.880-07:009 Tips On How To Master Classroom ManagementHi Guys,<br />
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Thought I'd write on a topic very close to my heart. It's all about classroom management. Now I know how most people feel when they see that word 'management' it's laden with responsibilities and memories of authority figures. So let's think of 'Classroom Management' as Classroom Mastery for a bit. ^_^<br />
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<u><b>Why Classroom Mastery?</b></u><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggghPIz1BgzYNV6fCvalavxPjx8-sBIYqlQJgArewLvk8s9JbTf48Wodu0Ymhb3e7CDT5_P8pET7ljh6Of_Iim-UAH-Ki54ZIBUwqdOYgaRcbdM4DPPQCE0Zo5qCf3UQlo7bLGqrQ-A_4K/s1600/Master+teacher.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggghPIz1BgzYNV6fCvalavxPjx8-sBIYqlQJgArewLvk8s9JbTf48Wodu0Ymhb3e7CDT5_P8pET7ljh6Of_Iim-UAH-Ki54ZIBUwqdOYgaRcbdM4DPPQCE0Zo5qCf3UQlo7bLGqrQ-A_4K/s320/Master+teacher.jpg" width="320" /></a>Because I want you to feel confident and in control like a real master. Classroom 'Mastery' has become an increasingly important issue and probably will continue to do so in coming years. A few reasons for this could be:<br />
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-Students expect more from experiences thanks to modern technology and connectivity<br />
-Teachers are unsure of what they can do to control students as more regulations on discipline practices come in <br />
-Through popular culture students feel it's cool and asserting to stand up to authority figures (sometimes just 'testing the water' to see what they can get away with)<br />
-Parents spend increasingly less time with children especially in the growing middle class. This means it's up to the teacher to instill values and discipline<br />
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The reasons why students are increasingly behaving badly are probably much more than that but whatever the reason I want you to add the following tricks to your toolbox, some of you probably already have but hopefully I can give you something new today that will help you teach better and change the lives of your students. Amin.<br />
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<b><u>Tip #1 Badly behaved students are sometimes just bored</u></b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdwO6RhenPmqq3NPAfzoV9oG4nNXwSTE3_M1OaOJtGs9FwQLaYH68FaV84ubM6Y1J9zinJOIorBq-OmMhdZtWOTxjp1oxeCRIBXcrIBMEQXu6CPyqLskUrOCmcPbc77URE1DUMleNlkynQ/s1600/dispruptive_WEB-595x468.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdwO6RhenPmqq3NPAfzoV9oG4nNXwSTE3_M1OaOJtGs9FwQLaYH68FaV84ubM6Y1J9zinJOIorBq-OmMhdZtWOTxjp1oxeCRIBXcrIBMEQXu6CPyqLskUrOCmcPbc77URE1DUMleNlkynQ/s320/dispruptive_WEB-595x468.jpg" width="320" /></a> The most basic tip and what you've probably already realised in your own classes is that students play up when they have nothing to do. There is a famous saying 'idle hands are the devils playground' so the trick is to keep those hands busy in good works. Sometimes though even though the hands are busy, the mind is unchallenged. We are sometimes unaware that our most disruptive students are the most intelligent. You may be interested to know that one teacher of Albert Einstien's called him a "foolish dreamer" and asked him to drop out of his class. He did eventually quit school before finishing High School because he found it utterly boring and obviously due to that didn't receive much stimulation or support from teachers. How many Albert Einstiens may we have in our classes at the moment without even realising it? It shocks me to think about it which is why we should never judge a book by it's cover. 'As long as you have a pulse, you have a purpose' and it's up to you, the teacher to help your student find their purpose and explore the best way for them to learn and where their talents lie.<br />
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So tip number one is make sure all students are stimulated in learning. The basic form of this is keeping those idle hands busy and the icing on the cake is to make sure those 'challenging students' aren't overlooked as 'dreamy' or 'disruptive' but as 'innovators' and as 'challengers to the status quo'.<br />
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<u><b>Tip #2 Engaged and Inspired People don't work for money but work with blood sweat and tears</b></u><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG32cD4WN3sHM4h98dQVgzYPVYq-SbwD9jWojAr1CSJv-sMSpEcp4tiaykNL_3qnMYF5ykz2b5tAgG-26nKgWKMCdFPnPAk85IMIPzmiuDWnixFOjS6NmBaiVCA8j2SYtrMsUf5kEjg6fW/s1600/inspired_student_black_and_white_large.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG32cD4WN3sHM4h98dQVgzYPVYq-SbwD9jWojAr1CSJv-sMSpEcp4tiaykNL_3qnMYF5ykz2b5tAgG-26nKgWKMCdFPnPAk85IMIPzmiuDWnixFOjS6NmBaiVCA8j2SYtrMsUf5kEjg6fW/s1600/inspired_student_black_and_white_large.jpg" /></a>If you can inspire your students to learn and engage them in something they really want to immerse themselves in, then why on earth would they misbehave? Some of you may be thinking 'yeah right Hugh, easier said than done' but seriously, an EFL teacher has so many weapons in their arsenal. If Mathematics teachers and other 'Subject' teachers said 'easier said than done' I would have to whole heartily agree with them, but not you! As an EFL teacher all you need to do is "Build language awareness in context" What that context is, is up to you! You don't have to stick to the book if it bores the hell out of your students. <b>Think outside the box and work outside the book! </b><br />
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<u><b>Tip #3 Motivating students may require rewards</b></u><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMXa7A3r5xJou9VDF103KjdntKJVvffPyahJ7JQfmXZ9M86l59GnXz69G9Cv0mWwq3rmdiTGqlOMyTCNe_IFMofsFgV1FGtf6pJjMoFDC5vXa7l8WJY6JPm3o3oyOw5vVvID5ohtVvQsrX/s1600/rewards.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMXa7A3r5xJou9VDF103KjdntKJVvffPyahJ7JQfmXZ9M86l59GnXz69G9Cv0mWwq3rmdiTGqlOMyTCNe_IFMofsFgV1FGtf6pJjMoFDC5vXa7l8WJY6JPm3o3oyOw5vVvID5ohtVvQsrX/s320/rewards.jpg" width="320" /></a>Although this is a controversial subject rewards don't have to involve something material.Sometimes the motivation could be just be some free time, a movie class, a class party (where students bring their own healthy foods) or maybe just scores on the board. You can also use material rewards as long as you don't go overboard (maybe small useful things to them like stationary etc.). Some studies have shown that this 'earning' system creates strong psychological connections of effort with joy. This is essentially a good thing as when you remove the reward the student is often still excited to make an effort as it has become a habit, in life we are generally rewarded for our efforts. The object of rewards in the classroom is to simulate this. Of course it should eventually be made clear that some times it is the process of doing our best that is in fact the best reward.<br />
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<u><b>Tip #4 Making a flexible and energetic classroom makes for a high fun factor</b></u><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdwO6RhenPmqq3NPAfzoV9oG4nNXwSTE3_M1OaOJtGs9FwQLaYH68FaV84ubM6Y1J9zinJOIorBq-OmMhdZtWOTxjp1oxeCRIBXcrIBMEQXu6CPyqLskUrOCmcPbc77URE1DUMleNlkynQ/s1600/dispruptive_WEB-595x468.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR6IVXZv43DQmQuCyzp9Sygk1A3BYqQ3J9dvtidYfzftNo3WiHGkErgKSu-nCoHR-upzhihbgtRqPp0At6Bpsul0AeSg1TWOw0iB5Gbqqig3NSucVpTPJBLNO0edXJf_xnD06OHQ0qjF93/s1600/fun+factor.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR6IVXZv43DQmQuCyzp9Sygk1A3BYqQ3J9dvtidYfzftNo3WiHGkErgKSu-nCoHR-upzhihbgtRqPp0At6Bpsul0AeSg1TWOw0iB5Gbqqig3NSucVpTPJBLNO0edXJf_xnD06OHQ0qjF93/s320/fun+factor.jpg" width="320" /></a>For younger children you probably want to focus more on focusing their energy levels rather than maintaining it. As students get older though they sometimes suffer from either low energy or anxiety. Having a high energy, flexible, fun and non-threatening lesson helps break down barriers to learning and maintains discipline.<br />
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There are a few techniques that can be used to maintain a high energy atmosphere. For children and teens power teaching is defiantly a great method, I usually have a few links to power teaching videos at the bottom of my screen. You can learn all about this way of teaching completely for free through their youtube videos and their website <a href="http://www.wholebrainteaching.com/">http://www.wholebrainteaching.com</a>. And a method for older learners is through a regular change of activities so that they don't drift off. A good example of this is a Suggestopedic lesson where no activity is carried out until it's end, thus apparently leaving the receptors in the brain open and raring to go. See <a href="http://www.change-lives-together.blogspot.com/2012/06/how-to-become-suggestopedic-teacher.html" target="_blank">How to become a Suggestopedic teacher</a>.<br />
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<u><b>Tip #5 Failing to warm-up can lead to a cold lesson</b></u><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjlzQY8d68Pz_TVSOu7xXqtB9qru9k_xAOBJIV9Y3LoCWIzY5FXdEarOyv2DWq5BhOyrvhryq9umeRh7P_2vko7v4zOuqcNq_9N7qQtnYTgwA7AxmkwKGxd5eE9NYrr1ffK40nvHXV9Uk7/s1600/warm+up.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjlzQY8d68Pz_TVSOu7xXqtB9qru9k_xAOBJIV9Y3LoCWIzY5FXdEarOyv2DWq5BhOyrvhryq9umeRh7P_2vko7v4zOuqcNq_9N7qQtnYTgwA7AxmkwKGxd5eE9NYrr1ffK40nvHXV9Uk7/s200/warm+up.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
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Warming-up serves many purposes and to miss it would be a grave mistake. It gets the students ready mentally, physically and linguistically for the lesson ahead. Also by getting our students moving at the very start of the lesson it engages them, generates energy and enthuses your students, no matter who you are teaching.<br />
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<b><u>Tip #6 Build rapport with your students</u></b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwRwshp5n69E_BFKNB-7T_otfUCGlydDf7gXQ8S3_Ye33CQqGTf7130qW0xMxkEMWN6svZmxZQhDbjoFdCrrWxso0XDqVMz07VtomrryoQrPHRqRdJGeJevPKPjkAKZPWWPaQoHsrCdCJb/s1600/evaluation.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgagGOoF7zU6IHOrhYo05ZsXiGBxXgYaub68m3KydBqxmkcjsKqHMjJcUApZ46d5_giZKu4NP0YlsV1wOuzkbvhvGQ23WPy_zzTtZK7rSnJqWI4miar-h6-TWYH6zaC8ARGrf9nhD4zMf37/s1600/rapport.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgagGOoF7zU6IHOrhYo05ZsXiGBxXgYaub68m3KydBqxmkcjsKqHMjJcUApZ46d5_giZKu4NP0YlsV1wOuzkbvhvGQ23WPy_zzTtZK7rSnJqWI4miar-h6-TWYH6zaC8ARGrf9nhD4zMf37/s320/rapport.jpg" width="320" /></a>Developing rapport with your students can not be stressed enough here. It is absolutely essential without a doubt. How many times have you heard somebody say "I didn't like maths in school" or "I didn't like English in school" and the reason they give for this is "my teacher was cruel to me" or "I didn't like my teacher"? Developing rapport with students makes you approachable, worth listening to and worth respecting. Never forget, your students are your real clients, not the principal, not the management and not the parents. Your students success is the thing that is going to lift you to great heights so your focus should first and foremost be building rapport with them. Make sure they feel comfortable with you, know that you care for them on an individual basis and feel that you're there to support them in excelling their own expectations.<br />
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Never forget that you are the master of your domain. Spread happiness, values, discipline and friendship amongst your students and you'll very rarely have any regrets when you look back on your career.<br />
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<u><b>Tip #7 Positive correcting techniques sets up an environment of exploration and bravery</b></u><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRyOzKZ11j43f3MfYpzSUCZaW1MBV_z7DHUXXW5Cz4QiRYFJ9V6RXDHFRrdb00nrlZRIHLwtzMPggI7QGMVH6nlt11Or6VPh7B35YiUsznzzn5ko9yf4014UMuHlVLSXYm4bNMvi3S8s_l/s1600/perseverance_450.gif" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRyOzKZ11j43f3MfYpzSUCZaW1MBV_z7DHUXXW5Cz4QiRYFJ9V6RXDHFRrdb00nrlZRIHLwtzMPggI7QGMVH6nlt11Or6VPh7B35YiUsznzzn5ko9yf4014UMuHlVLSXYm4bNMvi3S8s_l/s320/perseverance_450.gif" width="320" /></a>Students should be brave, they should be brave to try and brave to fail because these two things are bound to happen. Of course as teachers we always want to set our students up for success, but it is sometimes only through failure that we can learn, persevere and finally succeed. For some it takes longer than others, but some of the late learners end up being the bravest and the strongest because although the quick students learned quicker the slower students would have had to of persevered for longer. A famous boxer once said "it's not about how many times you get knocked down, it's about how many times you get back up again". In business school nowadays students are taught to fail, that really surprises a lot of people "Why on earth would they teach them to fail?" they ask. Well now it is common knowledge in the business world that failure is inevitable. All business graduates now know the term 'Fail fast and forward' it means get out there and fail. If you've never failed, you've never tried hard enough, you've never tested your limitations and you probably haven't learned much in the process. So get your students to fail fast and forward and congratulate them for doing so, because to succeed in learning a language they will need more bravery than brains, more perseverance than proper pronunciation and more failure than flukes (getting lucky in getting things right the first time). That's how we learn a second language so always encourage them, give them time to work through the process and support them through positive correction techniques.<br />
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An example of a positive correction technique is 'echo correction' it is where you don't so much say "you're wrong" but you repeat the sentence they've gotten wrong back to them in the correct form.<br />
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<u><b>Tip #8 Sometimes students need a good talking to or some time to think</b></u><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSVqIqLrC7S5xDDvjkUfpMHOhrCS_wrY7VVpXeQVtryqfhCaFpSaOSNcIpIy-qQJwiOQ9sg7zgEMaPWfAp6g7BYTzh9ZO_WnAfINhS3X_4OcV4VFlLOZyz_UKKqu25BbCQpxknDzLZX9xs/s1600/Patience.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSVqIqLrC7S5xDDvjkUfpMHOhrCS_wrY7VVpXeQVtryqfhCaFpSaOSNcIpIy-qQJwiOQ9sg7zgEMaPWfAp6g7BYTzh9ZO_WnAfINhS3X_4OcV4VFlLOZyz_UKKqu25BbCQpxknDzLZX9xs/s320/Patience.gif" width="320" /></a>Sometimes no matter how fun, high energy, stimulating, challenging, accepting, flexible and comfortable your classes are, you're still going to get one or two problem students. They are sometimes more concerned with outside forces than they are in learning from your lessons. Here the most powerful form of discipline is first setting clear expectations of all of your students, some students play up because they think that your lessons are so flexible and fun that there are no longer any rules. So whenever you get a new class for the first time, make sure you set down the ground rules. It's better start of a little hard and later get softer than start of soft and fun then get hard and stern (this lets the students down, makes the expectations of you unclear and makes them think you've taken a turn for the worse).<br />
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The next most powerful thing in discipline is counseling. If the rules are already clear, make sure you take the time to counsel your students. This sometime means talking to them but usually means doing a lot of listening. One technique is to sit together and get the student to establish the problem, if they are finding it hard help them, then get them to think of possible solutions, it doesn't matter how silly or how absurd the solutions are, get them to think of as many as thy can. Then get them to pick the best out of all of them and make a commitment to apply them. You will find that when you get the student involved in the solution, it will be more likely to take effect. That being said, you must be patient, to sit with a student and counsel them maybe several times before they come good. Showing them that you are committed to them and will take the time for them is also an important part of the process.<br />
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<u><b>Tip #9 There is nothing wrong with a little Student-Teacher feedback</b></u><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwRwshp5n69E_BFKNB-7T_otfUCGlydDf7gXQ8S3_Ye33CQqGTf7130qW0xMxkEMWN6svZmxZQhDbjoFdCrrWxso0XDqVMz07VtomrryoQrPHRqRdJGeJevPKPjkAKZPWWPaQoHsrCdCJb/s1600/evaluation.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwRwshp5n69E_BFKNB-7T_otfUCGlydDf7gXQ8S3_Ye33CQqGTf7130qW0xMxkEMWN6svZmxZQhDbjoFdCrrWxso0XDqVMz07VtomrryoQrPHRqRdJGeJevPKPjkAKZPWWPaQoHsrCdCJb/s320/evaluation.jpg" width="295" /></a>Ask your students whether they enjoyed the lesson and why. Maybe even make a questionnaire for your students to fill in every second month. You may think this is strange to ask for feedback from students but if you don't do it they will give feedback one way or another, the only problem with that is that you'll know about it when it's too late. Often parents ask their children "How was your day, do you like your teacher?" and lots of school management now give questionnaires to students to evaluate their teachers. So in the case of feedback it really is "first in best served" if you show your students you care about their opinion they will be more likely to give it to you before anybody else. They will also usually be more respectful of you when finally asked by somebody else. Because you made the effort to care about if they enjoyed learning with you or not. Remember 'Feedback is the breakfast of champions!'. Sometime the best way to know if you students really are thrilled with you classes, is simply just to ask!<br />
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Okay guys well I hope you've gotten something useful out of these tips and remember if you enjoyed reading share it on facebook, recommend it on Google or tweet it! That way we can change more lives through shining, sharing and succeeding! ^_^<br />
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Kindest regards,<br />
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-Hugh<br />
<br />Hughhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16634085206142726818noreply@blogger.com2